The Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist, WIN-55212-2, Suppresses the Activation of Proinflammatory Genes Induced by Interleukin 1 Beta in Human Astrocytes
| Autor: | Eugenia Ricciardelli, Francesca Telese, Patricia Montilla-Perez, Jerel Adam Fields, Mary K Swinton |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Cannabinoid receptor
Morpholines 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Interleukin-1beta Anti-Inflammatory Agents Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor SMAD Naphthalenes Biology Neuroprotection Proinflammatory cytokine Underpinning research Genetics Animals Humans 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors Pharmacology (medical) Aetiology Neuroinflammation Original Research Inflammation Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists Pharmacology chemistry.chemical_classification immunosuppression Cannabinoid Research neurobiology Neurosciences Endocannabinoid system Benzoxazines Cell biology Complementary and alternative medicine chemistry 5.1 Pharmaceuticals Astrocytes Neurological Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions synthetic cannabinoids psychological phenomena and processes Endocannabinoids |
| Zdroj: | Cannabis and cannabinoid research, vol 7, iss 1 Cannabis Cannabinoid Res |
| ISSN: | 2378-8763 2578-5125 |
| DOI: | 10.1089/can.2020.0128 |
| Popis: | Background: Alterations of astrocyte function play a crucial role in neuroinflammatory diseases due to either the loss of their neuroprotective role or the gain of their toxic inflammatory properties. Accumulating evidence highlights that cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptor agonists, such as WIN55,212-2 (WIN), reduce inflammation in cellular and animal models. Thus, the endocannabinoid system has become an attractive target to attenuate chronic inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanism of action of WIN in astrocytes remains poorly understood. Objective: We studied the immunosuppressive property of WIN by examining gene expression patterns that were modulated by WIN in reactive astrocytes. Materials and Methods: Transcriptomic analysis by RNA-seq was carried out using primary human astrocyte cultures stimulated by the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) in the presence or absence of WIN. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was conducted on selected transcripts to characterize the dose-response effects of WIN, and to test the effect of selective antagonists of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR). Results: Transcriptomic analysis showed that the IL1β-induced inflammatory response is robustly inhibited by WIN pretreatment. WIN treatment alone also induced substantial gene expression changes. Pathway analysis revealed that the anti-inflammatory properties of WIN were linked to the regulation of kinase pathways and gene targets of neuroprotective transcription factors, including PPAR and SMAD (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog). The inhibitory effect of WIN was dose-dependent, but it was not affected by selective antagonists of CB1 or PPAR. Conclusions: This study suggests that targeting the endocannabinoid system may be a promising strategy to disrupt inflammatory pathways in reactive astrocytes. The anti-inflammatory activity of WIN is independent of CB1, suggesting that alternative receptors mediate the effects of WIN. These results provide mechanistic insights into the anti-inflammatory activity of WIN and highlight that astrocytes are a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate neuroinflammation in the brain. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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