Monarch butterflies use an environmentally sensitive, internal timer to control overwintering dynamics
| Autor: | Delbert A. Green, Marcus R. Kronforst |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Zoology Diapause 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences California Article Epigenesis Genetic 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Danaus Monarch butterfly Genetics Animals Calcium Signaling Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Overwintering Ecdysteroid biology biology.organism_classification Juvenile Hormones 030104 developmental biology chemistry Juvenile hormone Animal Migration Female Seasons Timer Transcriptome Butterflies Ecdysone |
| Zdroj: | Mol Ecol |
| ISSN: | 1365-294X 0962-1083 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/mec.15178 |
| Popis: | The monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) complements its iconic migration with diapause, a hormonally controlled developmental programme that contributes to winter survival at overwintering sites. Although timing is a critical adaptive feature of diapause, how environmental cues are integrated with genetically-determined physiological mechanisms to time diapause development, particularly termination, is not well understood. In a design that subjected western North American monarchs to different environmental chamber conditions over time, we modularized constituent components of an environmentally-controlled, internal diapause termination timer. Using comparative transcriptomics, we identified molecular controllers of these specific diapause termination components. Calcium signalling mediated environmental sensitivity of the diapause timer, and we speculate that it is a key integrator of environmental condition (cold temperature) with downstream hormonal control of diapause. Juvenile hormone (JH) signalling changed spontaneously in diapause-inducing conditions, capacitating response to future environmental condition. Although JH is a major target of the internal timer, it is not itself the timer. Epigenetic mechanisms are implicated to be the proximate timing mechanism. Ecdysteroid, JH, and insulin/insulin-like peptide signalling are major targets of the diapause programme used to control response to permissive environmental conditions. Understanding the environmental and physiological mechanisms of diapause termination sheds light on fundamental properties of biological timing, and also helps inform expectations for how monarch populations may respond to future climate change. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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