Trace explosives sampling for security applications (TESSA) study: Evaluation of procedures and methodology for contact sampling efficiency
| Autor: | John Brady, Leonid Miroshnik, Alan R. Smith, Kalyan Kottapalli, Byron Ockerman, Caralyn A. Coultas-McKenney, Tara E. Manley, Michael Hargather, Stephen P. Beaudoin, Myles W. Gardner, Melissa Sweat, Igor Novosselov, R. T. Lareau |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Residue (complex analysis)
Explosive material Trace Amounts Triazines Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Textiles Analytical chemistry Sampling (statistics) Pentaerythritol tetranitrate C-4 Mass Spectrometry Analytical Chemistry law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound Explosive Agents chemistry law Humans Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Dry transfer |
| Zdroj: | Talanta. 234:122633 |
| ISSN: | 0039-9140 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122633 |
| Popis: | The detection of trace amounts of explosive materials is critical to the security at mass transit centers (e.g., airports and railway stations). In a typical screening process, a trap is used to probe a surface of interest to collect and transfer particulate residue to a detector for analysis. The collection of residues from the surface being probed is widely viewed as the limiting step in this process. A multi-institutional study was performed to establish a methodology for the evaluation of sampling media collection efficiencies. Dry deposited residues of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), C-4 (an RDX-based explosive), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) were harvested from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic, ballistic nylon (NYL), and uncoated aluminum surfaces using muslin, Texwipe cotton, and stainless-steel mesh traps. Transfer and collection efficiencies of the sample media were calculated based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Dry transfer efficiencies (DTE%) to all tested surfaces were greater than 75%, with transfer to ABS plastic being the lowest. Collection efficiency (CE%) varied significantly across the traps and the surfaces, yet some conclusions can be drawn; nylon had the lowest CE% for all cases (∼10%), and the stainless steel mesh had the lowest CE% for the evaluated traps (∼20%). Though the testing parameters have been standardized among the participants to establish a framework for an independent comparison of contact sampling media and surfaces, substantial variations in the DTE% and the CE% were observed, suggesting that other variables can affect contact sampling. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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