Neuroinflammation and Brain Development: Possible Risk Factors in COVID-19-Infected Children
| Autor: | Natalia Cristina Aparecida Ribeiro E Ribeiro, Luana da Silva Chagas, Patricia Coelho de Velasco, Poliana Capucho Sandre, Luiza Beatriz Alves Mauro, Julia Huber Ferreira, Henrique Marcondes, Claudio Alberto Serfaty, Aline Loureiro Barreto |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Synaptic pruning
Immunology Inflammation Review Article Disease Severity of Illness Index Rubella Proinflammatory cytokine 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Neuroinflammation Dietary Fats Unsaturated Risk Factors Humans Medicine Synapse formation Environmental risk factors Children Nutrition chemistry.chemical_classification Pregnancy Neuronal Plasticity SARS-CoV-2 Endocrine and Autonomic Systems business.industry COVID-19 Brain medicine.disease Brain development Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Diet 030227 psychiatry medicine.anatomical_structure Neurology chemistry Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Neurodevelopmental Disorders Fatty Acids Unsaturated Microglia medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| Zdroj: | Neuroimmunomodulation |
| ISSN: | 1423-0216 1021-7401 |
| Popis: | COVID-19, a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) betacoronavirus, affects children in a different way than it does in adults, with milder symptoms. However, several cases of neurological symptoms with neuroinflammatory syndromes, such as the multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), following mild cases, have been reported. As with other viral infections, such as rubella, influenza, and cytomegalovirus, SARS-CoV-2 induces a surge of proinflammatory cytokines that affect microglial function, which can be harmful to brain development. Along with the viral induction of neuroinflammation, other noninfectious conditions may interact to produce additional inflammation, such as the nutritional imbalance of fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids and alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Additionally, transient thyrotoxicosis induced by SARS-CoV-2 with secondary autoimmune hypothyroidism has been reported, which could go undetected during pregnancy. Together, those factors may pose additional risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection impacting mechanisms of neural development such as synaptic pruning and neural circuitry formation. The present review discusses those conditions in the perspective of the understanding of risk factors that should be considered and the possible emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders in COVID-19-infected children. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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