Evaluation of Toxicological Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Shells from the Pecan Nut Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch and the Possible Association with Its Inorganic Constituents and Major Phenolic Compounds
| Autor: | Alexandre de Barros Falcão Ferraz, Luiz Carlos Santos Porto, Juliana da Silva, Aline Vanessa de Almeida, Patrícia Pereira, Mariana Leal Ambrozio, Johnny Ferraz Dias, Mariangela da Costa Allgayer, Karen Sousa, Carla Eliete Iochims dos Santos, Jaqueline Nascimento Picada, Marcela Silva dos Santos |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Article Subject
Triglyceride Carya illinoinensis 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences lcsh:Other systems of medicine lcsh:RZ201-999 040401 food science food.food Comet assay 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0404 agricultural biotechnology 0302 clinical medicine food Complementary and alternative medicine Phytochemical chemistry Toxicity Micronucleus test Botany Gallic acid Food science 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Ellagic acid Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol 2016 (2016) Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM |
| ISSN: | 1741-4288 |
| Popis: | Background.Industrial processing of the pecan nutCarya illinoinensisK. Koch generated a large amount of shells, which have been used to prepare nutritional supplements and medicinal products; however, the safe use of shells requires assessment. This study evaluated the toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects of pecan shell aqueous extract (PSAE) and the possible contribution of phenolic compounds, ellagic and gallic acids, and inorganic elements present in PSAE to induce toxicity.Results.Levels of inorganic elements like K, P, Cl, and Rb quantified using the Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission method were higher in PSAE than in pecan shells, while Mg and Mn levels were higher in shells. Mice showed neurobehavioral toxicity when given high PSAE doses (200–2,000 mg kg−1). The LD50was 1,166.3 mg kg−1. However, PSAE (50–200 mg·kg−1) and the phenolic compounds (10–100 mg·kg−1) did not induce DNA damage or mutagenicity evaluated using the comet assay and micronucleus test. Treatment with ellagic acid (10–100 mg·kg−1) decreased triglyceride and glucose levels, while treatments with PSAE and gallic acid had no effect.Conclusion.Pecan shell toxicity might be associated with high concentrations of inorganic elements such as Mn, Al, Cu, and Fe acting on the central nervous system, besides phytochemical components, suggesting that the definition of the safe dose should take into account the consumption of micronutrients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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