Normal Saline solutions cause endothelial dysfunction through loss of membrane integrity, ATP release, and inflammatory responses mediated by P2X7R/p38 MAPK/MK2 signaling pathways
| Autor: | Kyle M. Hocking, Joyce Cheung-Flynn, Monica Polcz, Christy M. Guth, Bret D. Alvis, Reid McCallister, Weifeng Luo, Colleen M. Brophy, Kalyan S. Chadalavada, Padmini Komalavilas |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Critical Care and Emergency Medicine Swine Cell Membranes Pharmacology Pathology and Laboratory Medicine p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Biochemistry Vascular Medicine Epithelium chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Adenosine Triphosphate Pig Models Animal Cells Medicine and Health Sciences Endothelial dysfunction Phosphorylation Post-Translational Modification Immune Response Aorta Multidisciplinary Purinergic receptor Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Neurochemistry Animal Models medicine.anatomical_structure Experimental Organism Systems Medicine Saline Solution Signal transduction medicine.symptom Cellular Types Anatomy Neurochemicals Cellular Structures and Organelles Signal Transduction Research Article Endothelium Science p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases Resuscitation Immunology Inflammation Hemorrhage Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases Research and Analysis Methods Nitric Oxide 03 medical and health sciences Signs and Symptoms Diagnostic Medicine medicine Animals Humans Saphenous Vein Apyrase Cell Membrane Endothelial Cells Biology and Life Sciences Proteins Epithelial Cells Cell Biology medicine.disease Rats 030104 developmental biology Biological Tissue chemistry Animal Studies Receptors Purinergic P2X7 Adenosine triphosphate 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 8, p e0220893 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Resuscitation with 0.9% Normal Saline (NS), a non-buffered acidic solution, leads to increased morbidity and mortality in the critically ill. The goal of this study was to determine the molecular mechanisms of endothelial injury after exposure to NS. The hypothesis of this investigation is that exposure of endothelium to NS would lead to loss of cell membrane integrity, resulting in release of ATP, activation of the purinergic receptor (P2X7R), and subsequent activation of stress activated signaling pathways and inflammation. Human saphenous vein endothelial cells (HSVEC) incubated in NS, but not buffered electrolyte solution (Plasma-Lyte, PL), exhibited abnormal morphology and increased release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and decreased transendothelial resistance (TEER), suggesting loss of membrane integrity. Incubation of intact rat aorta (RA) or human saphenous vein in NS but not PL led to impaired endothelial-dependent relaxation which was ameliorated by apyrase (hydrolyzes ATP) or SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor). Exposure of HSVEC to NS but not PL led to activation of p38 MAPK and its downstream substrate, MAPKAP kinase 2 (MK2). Treatment of HSVEC with exogenous ATP led to interleukin 1β (IL-1β) release and increased vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) expression. Treatment of RA with IL-1β led to impaired endothelial relaxation. IL-1β treatment of HSVEC led to increases in p38 MAPK and MK2 phosphorylation, and increased levels of arginase II. Incubation of porcine saphenous vein (PSV) in PL with pH adjusted to 6.0 or less also led to impaired endothelial function, suggesting that the acidic nature of NS is what contributes to endothelial dysfunction. Volume overload resuscitation in a porcine model after hemorrhage with NS, but not PL, led to acidosis and impaired endothelial function. These data suggest that endothelial dysfunction caused by exposure to acidic, non-buffered NS is associated with loss of membrane integrity, release of ATP, and is modulated by P2X7R-mediated inflammatory responses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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