Evaluation of Watershed-Scale Simulations of In-Stream Pesticide Concentrations from Off-Target Spray Drift
| Autor: | Christopher T. Stone, Paul Whatling, Jody J. Stryker, Benjamin H. Brayden, John P. Hanzas, Michael Winchell, Naresh Pai |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
0208 environmental biotechnology 02 engineering and technology Wind 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law 01 natural sciences Risk Assessment Rivers media_common.cataloged_instance SWAT model European union Pesticides Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology media_common Hydrology Agriculture Pesticide Contamination Models Theoretical Pollution 020801 environmental engineering Deposition (aerosol physics) Soil water Spray drift Environmental science Surface water Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Journal of environmental quality. 47(1) |
| ISSN: | 0047-2425 |
| Popis: | The estimation of pesticide concentrations in surface water bodies is a critical component of the environmental risk assessment process required by regulatory agencies in North America, the European Union, and elsewhere. Pesticide transport to surface waters via deposition from off-field spray drift can be an important route of potential contamination. The spatial orientation of treated fields relative to receiving water bodies make prediction of off-target pesticide spray drift deposition and resulting aquatic estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) challenging at the watershed scale. The variability in wind conditions further complicates the simulation of the environmental processes leading to pesticide spray drift contributions to surface water. This study investigates the use of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for predicting concentrations of malathion (O,O-deimethyl thiophosphate of diethyl mercaptosuccinate) in a flowing water body when exposure is a result of off-target spray drift, and assesses the model's performance using a parameterization typical of a screening-level regulatory assessment. Six SWAT parameterizations, each including incrementally more site-specific data, are then evaluated to quantify changes in model performance. Results indicate that the SWAT model is an appropriate tool for simulating watershed scale concentrations of pesticides resulting from off-target spray drift deposition. The model predictions are significantly more accurate when the inputs and assumptions accurately reflect application practices and environmental conditions. Inclusion of detailed wind data had the most significant impact on improving model-predicted EECs in comparison to observed concentrations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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