Genetically modified mouse models to investigate thyroid development, function and growth
| Autor: | Christoffer Löf, Jukka Kero, Andreina Kero, Konrad Patyra |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Genetically modified mouse Thyroid Hormones endocrine system endocrine system diseases G protein Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Thyroid Gland Thyrotropin Mice Transgenic 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Biology ta3111 Mice 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology microRNA Congenital Hypothyroidism medicine Animals Humans Receptor Thyroid Receptors Thyrotropin medicine.disease Thyroid Diseases Cell biology Congenital hypothyroidism 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Signal transduction Signal Transduction Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 32:241-256 |
| ISSN: | 1521-690X |
| Popis: | The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones (TH), which are essential regulators for growth, development and metabolism. The thyroid is mainly controlled by the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) that binds to its receptor (TSHR) on thyrocytes and mediates its action via different G protein-mediated signaling pathways. TSH primarily activates the Gs-pathway, and at higher concentrations also the Gq/11-pathway, leading to an increase of intracellular cAMP and Ca2+, respectively. To date, the physiological importance of other G protein-mediated signaling pathways in thyrocytes is unclear. Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is defined as the lack of TH at birth. In familial cases, high-throughput sequencing methods have facilitated the identification of novel mutations. Nevertheless, the precise etiology of CH yet remains unraveled in a proportion of cases. Genetically modified mouse models can reveal new pathophysiological mechanisms of thyroid diseases. Here, we will present an overview of genetic mouse models for thyroid diseases, which have provided crucial insights into thyroid gland development, function, and growth with a special focus on TSHR and microRNA signaling. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect