Cytomegalovirus and HIV Persistence: Pouring Gas on the Fire
| Autor: | Christophe Vanpouille, Aaron Christensen-Quick, Sara Gianella, Andrea Lisco |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Human cytomegalovirus CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Chemokine reservoir Anti-HIV Agents Immunology Population Clinical Sciences Congenital cytomegalovirus infection Cytomegalovirus HIV Infections Virus Replication 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Clinical Research Virology Virus latency medicine 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors Humans education Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology Coinfection/pathology/virology Cytomegalovirus/growth & development/*immunology Cytomegalovirus Infections/*immunology/virology HIV Infections/*immunology/virology HIV-1/growth & development/*immunology Humans Immune Evasion/*immunology Virus Latency/*immunology Virus Replication/physiology Cmv Hiv inflammation persistence reservoir Review Articles Immune Evasion education.field_of_study biology Coinfection CMV HIV virus diseases persistence medicine.disease Virus Latency 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Infectious Diseases inflammation Cytomegalovirus Infections biology.protein HIV-1 HIV/AIDS Infection Memory T cell |
| Zdroj: | Christensen-Quick, Aaron; Vanpouille, Christophe; Lisco, Andrea; & Gianella, Sara. (2017). Cytomegalovirus and HIV Persistence: Pouring Gas on the Fire. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 33(S1), S23-s30. doi: 10.1089/aid.2017.0145. UC Office of the President: Research Grants Program Office (RGPO). Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9vn4h9q2 AIDS research and human retroviruses, vol 33, iss S1 |
| DOI: | 10.1089/aid.2017.0145. |
| Popis: | The inherent stability of a small population of T cells that are latently infected with HIV despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains a stubborn obstacle to an HIV cure. By exploiting the memory compartment of our immune system, HIV maintains persistence in a small subset of quiescent cells with varying phenotypes, thus evading immune surveillance and clinical detection. Understanding the molecular and immunological mechanisms that maintain the latent reservoir will be critical to the success of HIV eradication strategies. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV), another chronic viral infection, frequently co-occurs with HIV and occupies an oversized proportion of memory T cell responses. CMV and HIV have both evolved complex strategies to manipulate our immune system for their own advantage. Given the increasingly clear links between CMV replication, chronic immune activation, and increased HIV reservoirs, we present a closer examination of the interplay between these two chronic coinfections. Here we review the effects of CMV on the immune system and show how they may affect persistence of the latent HIV reservoir during ART. The studies described herein suggest that hijacking of cytokine and chemokine signaling, manipulation of cell development pathways, and transactivation of HIV expression by CMV might be pouring gas on the fire of HIV persistence. Future interventional studies are required to formally determine the extent to which CMV is causally associated with inflammation and HIV reservoir expansion. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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