Optimization of Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Lycopodiaceae Alkaloids Obtained from Two Lycopodium Species
| Autor: | Krzysztof Kamil Wojtanowski, Aleksandra Dymek, Tomasz Mroczek, Paulina Płoszaj, Jarosław Widelski, Rostyslav Zhuravchak |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Lycopodium
Lycopodium clavatum L Ethyl acetate Pharmaceutical Science 01 natural sciences High-performance liquid chromatography Article Antioxidants Mass Spectrometry Analytical Chemistry lcsh:QD241-441 chemistry.chemical_compound Alkaloids lcsh:Organic chemistry Drug Discovery pressurized liquid extraction Lycopodium annotinum L Lycopodiaceae heterocyclic compounds Lycopodium alkaloids solid-phase extraction Solid phase extraction Physical and Theoretical Chemistry HPLC/ESI-QTOF–MS Chromatography High Pressure Liquid Dichloromethane Chromatography biology Plant Extracts 010405 organic chemistry Alkaloid Solid Phase Extraction 010401 analytical chemistry Organic Chemistry Extraction (chemistry) biology.organism_classification 0104 chemical sciences chemistry Chemistry (miscellaneous) Acetylcholinesterase Molecular Medicine Cholinesterase Inhibitors |
| Zdroj: | Molecules Volume 26 Issue 6 Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 1626, p 1626 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1420-3049 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/molecules26061626 |
| Popis: | Alkaloids of the Lycopodiaceae family are of great interest to researchers due to their numerous properties and wide applications in medicine. They play a very important role mainly due to their potent antioxidant, antidepressant effects and a reversible ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity. This property is of immense importance due to the growing problem of an increasing number of patients with neurodegenerative diseases in developed countries and a lack of effective and efficient treatment for them. Numerous studies have shown that Lycopodiaceae alkaloids are a rich source of AChE inhibitors. In the obtaining of new therapeutic phytochemicals from plant material, the extraction process and its efficiency is crucial. Therefore, the aim of this work was to optimize the conditions of modern PLE to obtain bioactive alkaloids from two Lycopodium species: L. clavatum L. and L. annotinum L. Five different solvents of different polarity were used for prepared plant extracts in order to compare the alkaloid content in and thereby effectiveness of the entire extraction. PLE parameters were used based on multiple studies conducted that gave the highest alkaloids recovery. Crude extracts were purified using solid-phase extraction (SPE) on Oasis HLB cartridge and examined by HPLC/ESI-QTOF–MS of the highly abundant alkaloids. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time such high recoveries have been obtained for known Lycopodiaceae alkaloids. The best extraction results of alkaloid-lycopodine were detected in the dichloromethane extract from L. clavatum, where the yield exceeded 45%. The high recovery of annotinine above 40% presented in L. annotinum was noticed in dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts. Moreover, chromatograms were obtained with all isolated alkaloids and the best separation and quality of the bands in methanolic extracts. Interestingly, no alkaloid amounts were detected in cyclohexane extracts belonging to the non-polar solvent. These results could be helpful for understanding and optimizing the best conditions for isolating potent AChE inhibitors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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