Neurocognitive Deficits and Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Autor: | Vasco Dos Santos, Ruxandra Tudoran, Gerd Rosenbaum, Johannes Schröder, Nadeshda Andrejeva, Maren Knebel, Inga Meyer-Kühling, Janna Schmidt, Britta Wendelstein, Johannes Pantel, Christina J. Herold, Sabrina Dominique Navratil, Lina Gorenc-Mahmutaj, Petra Wetzel |
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Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Cognitive Neuroscience Disease Audiology Neuropsychological Tests behavioral disciplines and activities 050105 experimental psychology Developmental psychology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cognitive Reserve Alzheimer Disease mental disorders medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Cognitive Dysfunction Cognitive reserve Aged Psychomotor learning Aged 80 and over business.industry 05 social sciences Memory clinic Neuropsychology Cognition Middle Aged medicine.disease Psychiatry and Mental health Female Geriatrics and Gerontology Alzheimer's disease business Cognition Disorders Neurocognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Follow-Up Studies |
Zdroj: | Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. 41(3-4) |
ISSN: | 1421-9824 |
Popis: | Background/Aims: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a frequent syndrome in the older population, which involves an increased risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The latter can be modified by the cognitive reserve, which can be operationalized by the length of school education. MCI can be differentiated into four subtypes according to the cognitive domains involved: amnestic MCI, multiple-domain amnestic MCI, non-amnestic MCI and multiple-domain non-amnestic MCI. While neurocognitive deficits are a constituent of the diagnosis of these subtypes, the question of how they refer to the cognitive reserve still needs to be clarified. Methods: We examined neuropsychological deficits in healthy controls, patients with MCI and patients with mild AD (n = 485) derived from a memory clinic. To reduce the number of neuropsychological variables, a factor analysis with varimax rotation was calculated. In a second step, diagnostic groups including MCI subtypes were compared with respect to their clinical and neuropsychological characteristics including cognitive reserve. Results: Most MCI patients showed the amnestic multiple-domain subtype followed by the pure amnestic subtype, while the non-amnestic subtypes were rare. The amnestic subtype displayed a significantly higher level of cognitive reserve and higher MMSE scores than the amnestic multiple-domain subtype, which was in most cases characterized by additional psychomotor and executive deficits. Conclusions: These findings confirm earlier reports revealing that the amnestic multiple-domain subtype is the most frequent one and indicating that a high cognitive reserve may primarily prevent psychomotor and executive deficits in MCI. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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