Acanthamoeba castellanii as an alternative interaction model for the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum

Autor:	Daniel Assis Santos, Lucas V de Faria, N. T. A. Peres, Adriana Oliveira Costa, Marliete Carvalho Costa, Cinthia Furst, Gabriella Freitas Ferreira, Paulo Henrique Fonseca Carmo, Isabela Aurora Rodrigues Chagas
Rok vydání:	2020
Předmět:	0301 basic medicine Phagocytosis 030106 microbiology Mannose Dermatology Trichophyton rubrum Exocytosis Divalent Microbiology 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Cations Peroxynitrous Acid Humans Cytoskeleton Keratitis chemistry.chemical_classification Acanthamoeba castellanii Host Microbial Interactions biology Arthrodermataceae Macrophages General Medicine Spores Fungal biology.organism_classification Infectious Diseases chemistry Reactive Oxygen Species Intracellular
Zdroj:	Mycoses. 63:1331-1340
ISSN:	1439-0507 0933-7407
DOI:	10.1111/myc.13173
Popis:	Background Trichophyton rubrum (Tr) is the main aetiological agent of human dermatophytosis, being isolated from the environment and keratinised tissues. In the environment, Tr can interact with other organisms, such as free-living amoebas (FLA), which can act as an alternative host system to study the interaction between microbes and phagocytic cells. Objectives To characterise the Acanthamoeba castellanii (ALX)-Tr interaction. Methods Interaction was characterised in three conditions: trophozoites (PYG), late (PYG/NES) and early (NES) encystation stimulus, evaluating encystation kinetics, phagocytosis, exocytosis and fungicidal activity dynamics. Results Tr was able to induce ALX encystation and be internalised by ALX. The number of internalised conidia was high at 1 hour, and ALX presented fungicidal activity with increased intracellular ROS production and exocytosis. In PYG/NES, phagocytosis and ROS production were reduced, with decreased ALX's fungicidal activity. However, in NES there was an increased fungal engulfment, and a reduced ROS production and higher fungal burden. Furthermore, exogenous mannose decreased phagocytosis of Tr conidia, and divalent cations induced ROS production and increased ALX's fungicidal activity. Interestingly, phagocytosis was reduced in the presence of cytoskeleton inhibitor, but exocytosis was increased, suggesting that Tr conidia may have alternative pathways to escape ALX's cells. Conclusion A castellanii is a proper model for studying Tr-FLA interaction, since ALX can engulf, produce ROS and kill Tr, and all these parameters are influenced by an encystation stimulus and divalent cations. Moreover, this interaction is likely to occur in the environment implicating in the adaptation to environmental stressful conditions in both organisms.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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