Weaponization of a Hormone: Convergent Recruitment of Hyperglycemic Hormone into the Venom of Arthropod Predators
| Autor: | David Morgenstern, Lena L. Grimm, Volker Herzig, Chek Fong Low, Greta J. Binford, Rosaline Habib, Eivind A. B. Undheim, Sławomir Dziemborowicz, Pamela A. Zobel-Thropp, Glenn F. King, Sandy S. Pineda, Mehdi Mobli, Bryan G. Fry, Graham M. Nicholson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Spider Venoms
Molecular Sequence Data Biophysics Poison control Nerve Tissue Proteins Venom complex mixtures Protein Structure Secondary Arthropod Proteins Evolution Molecular Toxicology Protein structure Phylogenetics Structural Biology Animals Amino Acid Sequence Receptor Molecular Biology Phylogeny biology Protein Stability Diptera Spiders biology.organism_classification Evolutionary biology Arthropod |
| Zdroj: | Structure. 23(7):1283-1292 |
| ISSN: | 0969-2126 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.str.2015.05.003 |
| Popis: | © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Summary Arthropod venoms consist primarily of peptide toxins that are injected into their prey with devastating consequences. Venom proteins are thought to be recruited from endogenous body proteins and mutated to yield neofunctionalized toxins with remarkable affinity for specific subtypes of ion channels and receptors. However, the evolutionary history of venom peptides remains poorly understood. Here we show that a neuropeptide hormone has been convergently recruited into the venom of spiders and centipedes and evolved into a highly stable toxin through divergent modification of the ancestral gene. High-resolution structures of representative hormone-derived toxins revealed they possess a unique structure and disulfide framework and that the key structural adaptation in weaponization of the ancestral hormone was loss of a C-terminal α helix, an adaptation that occurred independently in spiders and centipedes. Our results raise a new paradigm for toxin evolution and highlight the value of structural information in providing insight into protein evolution. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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