Functional neuroimaging of associative learning and generalization in specific phobia
| Autor: | Stijn Michielse, Jim van Os, Koen Schruers, Therese van Amelsvoort, Jindra Bakker, Iris Lange, Machteld Marcelis, Marieke Wichers, Liesbet Goossens |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Promovendi MHN, Ondersteunend personeel MHN, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, MUMC+: MA Psychiatrie (3), MUMC+: Hersen en Zenuw Centrum (3), MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Psychiatrie (9) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Audiology Generalization Psychological Specific phobia Extinction Psychological 0302 clinical medicine POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER Neural Pathways TRAIT ANXIETY Fear conditioning Extinction recall Fear learning fMRI Brain Spiders HUMANS Magnetic Resonance Imaging humanities medicine.anatomical_structure EXTINCTION Phobic Disorders Cerebrovascular Circulation Visual Perception Anxiety Female medicine.symptom Cues Psychology Anxiety disorder medicine.medical_specialty ANXIETY DISORDERS Ventromedial prefrontal cortex CONDITIONED FEAR Phobic disorder 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult ANXIETY DISORDER medicine Animals Biological Psychiatry REFLEX PHYSIOLOGY Pharmacology ACQUISITION Functional Neuroimaging Association Learning VENTROMEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX Extinction (psychology) medicine.disease PANIC DISORDER Fear generalization 030227 psychiatry Associative learning Oxygen DEFAULT MODE NETWORK Mental Recall Extinction learning |
| Zdroj: | Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 89, 275-285. PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 89, 275-285. Elsevier Science Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 89, 275. Elsevier Inc. Lange, I, Goossens, L, Bakker, J, Michielse, S, Marcelis, M, Wichers, M, van Os, J, van Amelsvoort, T & Schruers, K 2018, ' Functional neuroimaging of associative learning and generalization in specific phobia ', Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.09.008 |
| ISSN: | 0278-5846 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.09.008 |
| Popis: | Background: Theoretical models have implicated classical fear conditioning, fear generalization, and extinction learning in the development of anxiety disorders. To date, it is largely unknown to what extent these mechanisms and the underlying neurobiology may be altered in specific phobia, a disorder characterized by focal fears. The current study systematically examined fear conditioning, fear generalization, extinction learning, and extinction recall in a sample of individuals with a specific phobia.Methods: Participants with a specific phobia (SP) of spiders (n = 46) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 48) underwent a 3-day fMRI cue-conditioning protocol, including a fear acquisition and a fear generalization phase (day 1), an extinction learning phase (day 2), and an extinction recall phase (day 3). Stimuli were phobia-irrelevant, as geometrical shapes served as conditioned threat (CS + ) and safety stimuli (CS-), and an electrical shock as the unconditioned stimulus (US). Self-reported fear, US expectancy, and blood-oxygen-level dependent responses were measured.Results: Behavioral results only revealed enhanced CS + /CS-differentiation in fear scores during acquisition retention in SP. Some neural differences were observed during other task phases. During early fear acquisition, SP showed enhanced differential activation in the angular gyrus and lateral occipital cortex, and during extinction recall, more precuneus deactivation was found in SP compared to HC. There were no clear indications of altered neural fear generalization or extinction learning mechanisms in the SP group.Conclusions: Results indicate that spider phobia may be characterized by enhanced differential fear retention and altered brain activation patterns during fear acquisition and extinction recall. The findings provide insight into the nature of fear learning alterations in specific phobia, and how these may differ from those found in disorders characterized by broad anxious distress. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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