Adenovirus receptor expression in cancer and its multifaceted role in oncolytic adenovirus therapy

Autor: Lobke C M Hensen, Selas T F Bots, Rob C. Hoeben
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Oncolytic adenovirus
Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein
Combination therapy
Receptor expression
viruses
Integrin
oncolytic adenovirus therapy
DSG-2
Review
Catalysis
Inorganic Chemistry
lcsh:Chemistry
Downregulation and upregulation
Cell Line
Tumor
Neoplasms
receptor expression
medicine
Animals
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
human adenovirus
Receptor
Molecular Biology
lcsh:QH301-705.5
CD46
Spectroscopy
Oncolytic Virotherapy
Desmoglein 2
biology
business.industry
Adenoviruses
Human
Organic Chemistry
Cancer
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Combined Modality Therapy
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid
Computer Science Applications
Oncolytic virus
CAR
Oncolytic Viruses
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
sialic acid
Cancer research
biology.protein
integrins
Receptors
Virus
business
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 6828, p 6828 (2020)
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(18). MDPI
Popis: Oncolytic adenovirus therapy is believed to be a promising way to treat cancer patients. To be able to target tumor cells with an oncolytic adenovirus, expression of the adenovirus receptor on the tumor cell is essential. Different adenovirus types bind to different receptors on the cell, of which the expression can vary between tumor types. Pre-existing neutralizing immunity to human adenovirus species C type 5 (HAdV-C5) has hampered its therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials, hence several adenoviral vectors from different species are currently being developed as a means to evade pre-existing immunity. Therefore, knowledge on the expression of appropriate adenovirus receptors on tumor cells is important. This could aid in determining which tumor types would benefit most from treatment with a certain oncolytic adenovirus type. This review provides an overview of the known receptors for human adenoviruses and how their expression on tumor cells might be differentially regulated compared to healthy tissue, before and after standardized anticancer treatments. Mechanisms behind the up- or downregulation of adenovirus receptor expression are discussed, which could be used to find new targets for combination therapy to enhance the efficacy of oncolytic adenovirus therapy. Additionally, the utility of the adenovirus receptors in oncolytic virotherapy is examined, including their role in viral spread, which might even surpass their function as primary entry receptors. Finally, future directions are offered regarding the selection of adenovirus types to be used in oncolytic adenovirus therapy in the fight against cancer.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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