Broccoli Cultivar Performance under Organic and Conventional Management Systems and Implications for Crop Improvement
| Autor: | James R. Myers, Maria João Paulo, Fred A. van Eeuwijk, Erica N. C. Renaud, Mark G. Hutton, John A. Juvik, Edith T. Lammerts van Bueren |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
winter-wheat
Direct response selection Organic production adaptation Biology onion varieties Wiskundige en Statistische Methoden - Biometris Crop Laboratorium voor Plantenveredeling Cultivar Predicting performance grain-yield Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris agriculture business.industry food and beverages Weed control PE&RC Plant Breeding Biometris spring wheat Agronomy Genetic gain Agriculture business Agronomy and Crop Science environment |
| Zdroj: | Crop Science, 54(4), 1539-1554 Crop Science 54 (2014) 4 |
| ISSN: | 0011-183X |
| DOI: | 10.2135/cropsci2013.09.0596 |
| Popis: | To determine if present commercial broccoli cultivars meet the diverse needs of organic management systems, such as adaptation to low N input, mechanical weed management, and no chemical pesticide use, and to propose the selection environments for crop improve- ment for organic production, we compared hor- ticultural trait performance of 23 broccoli cul- tivars (G) under two management (M) systems (organic and conventional) in two regions of the United States (Oregon and Maine), includ- ing spring and fall trials. In our trials, location and season had the largest effect on broccoli head weight, with Oregon outperforming Maine, and fall trials outperforming spring plantings. M main effects and G × M interactions were often small, but G × M × E (location and sea- son) were large. Cultivars with both greater head weight and stability under conventional condi- tions generally had high head weight and stabil- ity under organic growing conditions, although there were exceptions in cultivar rank between management systems. Larger genotypic vari- ances and somewhat increased error variances observed in organic compared with conven- tional management systems led to repeatability for head weight and other horticultural traits that were similar or even higher in organic compared with conventional conditions. The ratio of cor- related response (predicting performance under organic conditions when evaluated in conven- tional conditions) to direct response (predicted performance in organic when evaluated under organic conditions) for all traits was close to but less than 1.0 with the exception of bead unifor- mity. This would imply that in most cases, direct selection in an organic environment could result in a more rapid genetic gain than indirect selec- tion in a conventional environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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