The alterations of tracheal microbiota and inflammation caused by different levels of ammonia exposure in broiler chickens
| Autor: | Jinghai Feng, Ying Zhou, Qingxiu Liu, Min Hong Zhang |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
ammonia exposure Inflammation Management and Production medicine.disease_cause broiler Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Ammonia Lactobacillus RNA Ribosomal 16S medicine Animals Poultry Diseases 030304 developmental biology lcsh:SF1-1100 0303 health sciences biology Bacteria Chemistry Streptococcus Ruminococcus Microbiota Lachnospiraceae 0402 animal and dairy science Broiler 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine inflammatory response biology.organism_classification 040201 dairy & animal science Trachea medicine.anatomical_structure tracheal microbiota anti-inflammatory response Animal Science and Zoology lcsh:Animal culture Tracheitis medicine.symptom Chickens Respiratory tract Ruminococcaceae |
| Zdroj: | Poultry Science Poultry Science, Vol 100, Iss 2, Pp 685-696 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1525-3171 0032-5791 |
| Popis: | Ammonia (NH3) is a known harmful gas and exists in haze, forming secondary organic aerosols. Exposure to ambient ammonia correlates with the respiratory tract infection, and microbiota in the upper respiratory tract is an emerging crucial player in the homeostatic regulation of respiratory tract infection, and microbiota perturbation is usually accompanied by the inflammatory reactions; however, the effects of different levels of ammonia exposure on tracheal microbiota and inflammation are unclear. A total of 288 22-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were chosen and divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates of 12 chickens, and respectively exposed to ammonia at 0, 15, 25, and 35 ppm for 21-d trial period. Cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10) in the trachea were measured at the 21 d of exposure to NH3. Tracheal microbiota at the 21 d was analyzed by the 16S rRNA gene analysis. The results showed that an increase in ammonia levels, even in 15 ppm, significantly decreased the alpha diversity and changed the bacterial community structure. Six genera (Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus]_torques_group, unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Streptococcus, Blautia) significantly increased, whereas Lactobacillus significantly decreased under different levels of ammonia exposure. We also observed positive associations of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, g__Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcus]_torques_group abundances with tracheal IL-1β concentration. Moreover, an increase in ammonia levels, even in 15 ppm, caused respiratory tract inflammatory injury. The results indicated that 15 ppm ammonia exposure changed the composition of tracheal microbiota that caused the tracheal injury possibly through increasing the IL-1β, which might make the broiler more sensitive to the changes of environment and pathogenic micro-organisms in the poultry house, and may be also a critical value that needs high alertness. Herein, the present experiment also suggested that the standard limit of ammonia concentration in adult poultry house is 15 ppm. This research provides an insight into the relationship between the upper respiratory tract microbiota and inflammation under ammonia exposure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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