Plasticity in the adult human oligodendrocyte lineage
| Autor: | Conrad V. Kufta, M. O'connor, Jian Min Zhou, Ray Rusten, Lynn D. Hudson, Elizabeth A. Milward, N. Gogate, Jaebong Kim, Lalit Verma, Monique Dubois-Dalcq |
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| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Proteolipid protein 1 Adolescent Proteolipids Molecular Sequence Data Basic fibroblast growth factor Gene Expression Immunoenzyme Techniques chemistry.chemical_compound Exon Growth factor receptor medicine Humans Growth Substances education Cells Cultured In Situ Hybridization education.field_of_study Epilepsy Neuronal Plasticity Base Sequence biology Stem Cells General Neuroscience Myelin Basic Protein DNA Articles Middle Aged Molecular biology Oligodendrocyte Myelin basic protein Oligodendroglia medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Child Preschool biology.protein Stem cell Oligonucleotide Probes Myelin transcription factor 1 |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Neuroscience. 14:4571-4587 |
| ISSN: | 1529-2401 0270-6474 |
| Popis: | Preoligodendrocytes have been described in cultures and tissue prints of adult human white matter (Armstrong et al., 1992). To characterize further these precursors of human oligodendrocytes, we have investigated whether they express genes playing a critical role in oligodendrocyte development. In the intact human brain, platelet- derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGF alpha R) and myelin transcription factor 1 (MyTI) transcripts are expressed in 1–2% of cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage (OL), and clusters of such cells can be found in the periventricular region. Myelin basic protein transcripts containing exon 2 information (exon 2+ MBP), which are characteristic of the premyelinating stage, are detected in 15–20% of OL cells in vivo. When OL cells are separated from human white matter and allowed to regenerate in vitro, a much larger proportion of these cells express developmentally regulated genes, while exon 2- MBP and proteolipid protein (PLP) transcripts characteristic of mature OL cells appear transiently downregulated. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), even in the presence of PDGF, does not promote DNA synthesis in these cultured OL cells. Yet bFGF induces human oligodendrocytes to regenerate their processes rapidly in vitro and to express O4 antigens as well as exon 2+ MBP, MyTI, and PLP transcripts. While bFGF accelerates early regenerative processes, it also maintains high expression of exon 2+ MBP transcripts in OL cells for up to 2 weeks in vitro. In contrast, high levels of insulin in the absence of bFGF allow accumulation of exon 2- MBP and PLP transcripts in most OL cells at 2–3 weeks in vitro. We propose that the myelinated human brain harbors a small pool of precursors of oligodendrocytes and that growth factor- regulated phenotypic plasticity rather than mitogenic potential accounts for the regeneration of oligodendrocytes in the initial stages of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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