Transcriptomic Profiling in Fins of Atlantic Salmon Parasitized with Sea Lice: Evidence for an Early Imbalance Between Chalimus-Induced Immunomodulation and the Host’s Defense Response
| Autor: | Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan, Xi Xue, Albert Caballero-Solares, Surendra Kumar, Jillian D. Westcott, Zhiyu Chen, Mark D. Fast, Stanko Skugor, Barbara F. Nowak, Richard G. Taylor, Matthew L. Rise |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Microarray
immunomodulation anti-sea lice response Transcriptome lcsh:Chemistry Fish Diseases 0302 clinical medicine Gene expression 44K microarray Gene Regulatory Networks fin transcriptome lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy 0303 health sciences General Medicine 3. Good health Computer Science Applications Susceptible individual 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Female Disease Susceptibility DNA microarray Metabolic Networks and Pathways endocrine system Lepeophtheirus salmonis Salmo salar Biology Catalysis Article Microbiology Host-Parasite Interactions Inorganic Chemistry Copepoda 03 medical and health sciences Immune system Immunity Animals 14. Life underwater chalimus Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Molecular Biology 030304 developmental biology Gene Expression Profiling Organic Chemistry immunogenomics biology.organism_classification Microarray Analysis Gene Ontology lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 Lepeophtheirus |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences Volume 21 Issue 7 International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 2417, p 2417 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms21072417 |
| Popis: | Parasitic sea lice (e.g., Lepeophtheirus salmonis) cause costly outbreaks in salmon farming. Molecular insights into parasite-induced host responses will provide the basis for improved management strategies. We investigated the early transcriptomic responses in pelvic fins of Atlantic salmon parasitized with chalimus I stage sea lice. Fin samples collected from non-infected (i.e. pre-infected) control (PRE) and at chalimus-attachment sites (ATT) and adjacent to chalimus-attachment sites (ADJ) from infected fish were used in profiling global gene expression using 44 K microarrays. We identified 6568 differentially expressed probes (DEPs, FDR < 5%) that included 1928 shared DEPs between ATT and ADJ compared to PRE. The ATT versus ADJ comparison revealed 90 DEPs, all of which were upregulated in ATT samples. Gene ontology/pathway term network analyses revealed profound changes in physiological processes, including extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, tissue repair/remodeling and wound healing, immunity and defense, chemotaxis and signaling, antiviral response, and redox homeostasis in infected fins. The QPCR analysis of 37 microarray-identified transcripts representing these functional themes served to confirm the microarray results with a significant positive correlation (p < 0.0001). Most immune/defense-relevant transcripts were downregulated in both ATT and ADJ sites compared to PRE, suggesting that chalimus exerts immunosuppressive effects in the salmon&rsquo s fins. The comparison between ATT and ADJ sites demonstrated the upregulation of a suite of immune-relevant transcripts, evidencing the salmon&rsquo s attempt to mount an anti-lice response. We hypothesize that an imbalance between immunomodulation caused by chalimus during the early phase of infection and weak defense response manifested by Atlantic salmon makes it a susceptible host for L. salmonis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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