Challenges and Opportunities Presented by Current Techniques for Detecting Schistosome Infections in Intermediate Host Snails: A Scoping Review
| Autor: | John J O Mogaka, Onyekachi Esther Nwoko, Moses J. Chimbari |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Web of science
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis FAMILY PLANORBIDAE Snails 030231 tropical medicine Fresh Water Review 030308 mycology & parasitology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine nucleic-acid amplification Environmental health schistosomiasis medicine diagnostics Animals Humans Schistosoma conventional 0303 health sciences biology Transmission (medicine) Environmental surveillance Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Intermediate host Neglected Diseases Tropical disease medicine.disease biology.organism_classification immunological Search terms intermediate host snails Medicine eDNA |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 5403, p 5403 (2021) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
| ISSN: | 1661-7827 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease (NTD), causes morbidity and mortality in over 250 million people globally. And 700 million people are at risk of contracting it. It is caused by a parasite of the genus Schistosoma. Freshwater snails of the family Planorbidae are of public health significance as they are intermediate hosts of these highly infective flukes. Accurate diagnostic techniques to detect schistosome infections in intermediate host snails (IHS) and environmental surveillance are needed to institute measures for the interruption of transmission and eventual elimination. We carried out a systematic review of the literature to assess advantages and limitations of different diagnostic techniques for detecting schistosome infections in snails. Literature from Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases from 2008 to 2020 were searched using combinations of predefined search terms with Boolean operators. The studies revealed that conventional diagnostics are widely used, although they are labor-intensive, have low specificity and sensitivity levels, and cannot detect prepatent infections. Whereas more advanced techniques such as immunological, nucleic-acid amplification, and eDNA diagnostics have high sensitivity and specificity levels, they are costly, hence, not suitable for field applications and large-scale surveys. Our review highlights the importance of designing and developing innovative diagnostics that are high in specificity and sensitivity as well as affordable and technically feasible for use in field laboratories and for large-scale surveys. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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