Ethnicity-Influenced Microbiota: A Future Healthcare Perspective

Autor: Madhusmita Dehingia, Mojibur R. Khan, Atanu Adak
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Microbiology (medical)
Computer and Information Sciences
Epidemiology
Ethnic group
Microbial Genomics
Biology
Gut flora
digestive system
Microbiology
Ethnic Epidemiology
03 medical and health sciences
fluids and secretions
Human gut
Virology
Health care
Ethnicity
Genetics
Medicine and Health Sciences
Humans
Ethnicities
Hispanic People
Data Management
030304 developmental biology
Evolutionary Biology
Metadata
0303 health sciences
Bacteria
Population Biology
030306 microbiology
business.industry
Microbiota
Gut Bacteria
Perspective (graphical)
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Human Genetics
Genomics
biology.organism_classification
United States
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Infectious Diseases
Medical Microbiology
Evolutionary biology
People and Places
Population Groupings
Microbiome
business
Population Genetics
Research Article
Zdroj: PLoS Biology
ISSN: 0966-842X
Popis: Composed of hundreds of microbial species, the composition of the human gut microbiota can vary with chronic diseases underlying health disparities that disproportionally affect ethnic minorities. However, the influence of ethnicity on the gut microbiota remains largely unexplored and lacks reproducible generalizations across studies. By distilling associations between ethnicity and differences in two US-based 16S gut microbiota data sets including 1,673 individuals, we report 12 microbial genera and families that reproducibly vary by ethnicity. Interestingly, a majority of these microbial taxa, including the most heritable bacterial family, Christensenellaceae, overlap with genetically associated taxa and form co-occurring clusters linked by similar fermentative and methanogenic metabolic processes. These results demonstrate recurrent associations between specific taxa in the gut microbiota and ethnicity, providing hypotheses for examining specific members of the gut microbiota as mediators of health disparities.
Author summary Understanding microbiota similarities and differences across ethnicities has the potential to advance approaches aimed at personalized microbial discovery and treatment, particularly those involved in ethnic health disparities. Here, we explore whether or not self-declared ethnicity consistently varies with gut microbiota composition across 1,673 healthy individuals in the United States. We find subtle but significant differences in taxonomic composition between four ethnicities, and we replicate these results across two study populations. Within the gut microbiota of Americans, there are at least 12 microbial taxa, which reproducibly vary in abundance across ethnicities. These taxa tend to correlate in abundance and metabolic functions and overlap with previously identified taxa that are associated with human genetic variation. We discuss the roles these taxa play in digestion and disease and propose hypotheses for how they may relate to ethnic health disparities. This study highlights the need to consider and potentially account for ethnic diversity in microbiota research and therapeutics.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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