Visualizing Poiseuille flow of hydrodynamic electrons
| Autor: | Joseph A. Sulpizio, Lior Ella, Asaf Rozen, John Birkbeck, David J. Perello, Debarghya Dutta, Moshe Ben-Shalom, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Tobias Holder, Raquel Queiroz, Alessandro Principi, Ady Stern, Thomas Scaffidi, Andre K. Geim, Shahal Ilani |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Field (physics)
FOS: Physical sciences 02 engineering and technology Electron Curvature 01 natural sciences Physics::Fluid Dynamics symbols.namesake Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons quant-ph National Graphene Institute Hall effect 0103 physical sciences Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) cond-mat.mes-hall 010306 general physics Physics Quantum Physics Multidisciplinary Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Coulomb blockade Mechanics 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Hagen–Poiseuille equation Flow (mathematics) Boltzmann constant ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/national_graphene_institute symbols cond-mat.str-el 0210 nano-technology Quantum Physics (quant-ph) |
| Zdroj: | Sulpizio, J A, Ella, L, Rozen, A, Birkbeck, J, Perello, D J, Dutta, D, Ben-Shalom, M, Taniguchi, T, Watanabe, K, Holder, T, Queiroz, R, Principi, A, Stern, A, Scaffidi, T, Geim, A K & Ilani, S 2019, ' Visualizing Poiseuille flow of hydrodynamic electrons ', Nature, vol. 576, pp. 75-79 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1788-9 Nature |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41586-019-1788-9 |
| Popis: | Hydrodynamics is a general description for the flow of a fluid, and is expected to hold even for fundamental particles such as electrons when inter-particle interactions dominate. While various aspects of electron hydrodynamics were revealed in recent experiments, the fundamental spatial structure of hydrodynamic electrons, the Poiseuille flow profile, has remained elusive. In this work, we provide the first real-space imaging of Poiseuille flow of an electronic fluid, as well as visualization of its evolution from ballistic flow. Utilizing a scanning nanotube single electron transistor, we image the Hall voltage of electronic flow through channels of high-mobility graphene. We find that the profile of the Hall field across the channel is a key physical quantity for distinguishing ballistic from hydrodynamic flow. We image the transition from flat, ballistic field profiles at low temperature into parabolic field profiles at elevated temperatures, which is the hallmark of Poiseuille flow. The curvature of the imaged profiles is qualitatively reproduced by Boltzmann calculations, which allow us to create a 'phase diagram' that characterizes the electron flow regimes. Our results provide long-sought, direct confirmation of Poiseuille flow in the solid state, and enable a new approach for exploring the rich physics of interacting electrons in real space. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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