Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Anatum Infections Linked to Imported Hot Peppers — United States, May–July 2016
| Autor: | Tyann Blessington, Greg Leos, Cerisé Hardy, Taylor Griswold, Adiam Tesfai, Alida Sorenson, Jeniffer Concepción-Acevedo, Joshua Rounds, Rashida Hassan, Colin Basler |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine Serotype Salmonella Health (social science) Adolescent Epidemiology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 030106 microbiology medicine.disease_cause Disease Outbreaks Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Health Information Management Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis Humans Medicine Full Report Child Aged Molecular epidemiology business.industry Commerce Pulsenet food and beverages Outbreak General Medicine Middle Aged Virology United States Salmonella Food Poisoning Child Preschool Food Microbiology Female Capsicum business Food contaminant |
| Zdroj: | MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |
| ISSN: | 1545-861X 0149-2195 |
| DOI: | 10.15585/mmwr.mm6625a2 |
| Popis: | Foodborne salmonellosis causes an estimated 1 million illnesses and 400 deaths annually in the United States (1). Salmonella Anatum is one of the top 20 Salmonella serotypes in the United States. During 2013-2015 there were approximately 300-350 annual illnesses reported to PulseNet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance. In June 2016, PulseNet identified a cluster of 16 Salmonella Anatum infections with an indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern from four states.* In April 2016, the same PFGE pattern had been uploaded to PulseNet from an isolate obtained from an Anaheim pepper, a mild to medium hot pepper. Hot peppers include many pepper varieties, such as Anaheim, jalapeño, poblano, and serrano, which can vary in heat level from mild to very hot depending on the variety and preparation. This rare PFGE pattern had been seen only 24 times previously in the PulseNet database, compared with common PFGE patterns for this serotype which have been seen in the database hundreds of times. Local and state health departments, CDC, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigated to determine the cause of the outbreak. Thirty-two patients in nine states were identified with illness onsets from May 6-July 9, 2016. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to characterize clinical isolates and the Anaheim pepper isolate further. The combined evidence indicated that fresh hot peppers were the likely source of infection; however, a single pepper type or source farm was not identified. This outbreak highlights challenges in reconciling epidemiologic and WGS data, and the difficulties of identifying ingredient-level exposures through epidemiologic investigations alone. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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