Anticariogenic activities of Libidibia ferrea, gallic acid and ethyl gallate against Streptococcus mutans in biofilm model

Autor: Paulo Henrique Santana Silveira, Polyane Novais Pires, Ananda Brito Soares, Manuela Ribeiro Passos, Regiane Yatsuda, Iago Almeida Santos, Louise Soares Pita, Patrick D'Orleans Farias Marinho, Mariluze Peixoto Cruz, Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia, Isabella Porto Santos, Ana Paula Trovatti Uetanabaro, Rafael Silva Almeida, Érika Pereira De Souza, Milena Cardoso Oliveira, Marlon Mário Leles Silva, Leonardo Oliveira Silva Bastos Andrade, Jeisa Zielle de Souza Rodrigues, Mariane Mares Reis, Luccas de Oliveira Negrão Ricardo, Jamile Pinheiro da Silva, Brenda Oliveira Lima, Lucas Miranda Marques, Stela Mares Brasileiro Pessoa, Mariana Araújo Oliveira, Nayara Silva de Macêdo Neres
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of ethnopharmacology. 274
ISSN: 1872-7573
Popis: Ethnopharmacological relevance In Brazil, ethnopharmacological studies show that Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L. P. Queiroz is commonly used in folk medicine as an antifungal, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. In the Amazon region, the dried fruit powder of L. ferrea are widely used empirically by the population in an alcoholic tincture as an antimicrobial mouthwash in oral infections and the infusion is also recommended for healing oral wounds. However, there are few articles that have evaluated the antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens in a biofilm model, identifying active compounds and mechanisms of action. Aim of the study The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-adherence activities of the ethanolic extract, fractions and isolated compounds (gallic acid and ethyl gallate) of the fruit and seed of L. ferrea against Streptococcus mutans. The inhibition of acidicity/acidogenicity and the expression of the S. mutans GTF genes in biofilms were also evaluated. Materials and methods Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Cell Adhesion (MICA) were evaluated with ethanolic extract (EELF), fractions, gallic acid (GA) and ethyl gallate (EG) against S. mutans. Inhibition of biofilm formation, pH drop and proton permeability tests were conducted with EELF, GA and EG, and also evaluated the expression of the GTF genes in biofilms. The compounds of dichloromethane fraction were identified by GC-MS. Results This is the first report of shikimic, pyroglutamic, malic and protocatechuic acids identified in L. ferrea. EELF, GA and EG showed MIC at 250 μg/mL, and MBC at 1000 μg/mL by EELF. EELF biofilms showed reduced dry weight and acidogenicity of S. mutans in biofilms. GA and EG reduced viable cells, glucans soluble in alkali, acidogenicity, aciduricity and downregulated expression of gtfB, gtfC and gtfD genes in biofilms. SEM images of GA and EG biofilms showed a reduction of biomass, exopolysaccharide and microcolonies of S. mutans. Conclusions The ethanolic extract of fruit and seed of L. ferrea, gallic acid and ethyl gallate showed great antimicrobial activity and inhibition of adhesion, reduction of acidogenicity and aciduricity in S. mutans biofilms. The results obtained in vitro validate the use of this plant in ethnopharmacology, and open opportunities for the development of new oral anticariogenic agents, originated by plants that can inhibit pathogenic biofilm that leads to the development of caries.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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