Existing Pittsburgh Compound-B positron emission tomography thresholds are too high: statistical and pathological evaluation
| Autor: | Jacob W. Vogel, Adam L. Boxer, Ewa Borys, Howard J. Rosen, Shawn M. Marks, Gil D. Rabinovici, Nagehan Ayakta, Eric J. Huang, Sylvia Villeneuve, William W. Seeley, Samia Kate Arthur-Bentil, Cindee Madison, Charles DeCarli, Pia Ghosh, Bruce L. Miller, Lea T. Grinberg, Bruce R Reed, Lee-Way Jin, Manja Lehmann, William J. Jagust, Renaud La Joie, John M Olichney, Brendan I. Cohn-Sheehy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Aging Neurodegenerative Alzheimer's Disease computer.software_genre Medical and Health Sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Computer-Assisted Reference Values Voxel Senile plaques screening and diagnosis Aniline Compounds medicine.diagnostic_test beta-amyloid neurodegeneration Detection Positron emission tomography Neurological Biomedical Imaging Female Alzheimer's disease 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies Standardized uptake value Young Adult Alzheimer Disease parasitic diseases Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted mental disorders Acquired Cognitive Impairment medicine Humans Image Interpretation Aged Distribution Volume Neurology & Neurosurgery Amyloid beta-Peptides Receiver operating characteristic business.industry Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Neurosciences biomarkers Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) Original Articles medicine.disease Brain Disorders Thiazoles chemistry Positron-Emission Tomography Dementia Neurology (clinical) Radiopharmaceuticals business Pittsburgh compound B Nuclear medicine computer |
| Zdroj: | Brain : a journal of neurology, vol 138, iss Pt 7 Villeneuve, S; Rabinovici, GD; Cohn-Sheehy, BI; Madison, C; Ayakta, N; Ghosh, PM; et al.(2015). Existing Pittsburgh Compound-B positron emission tomography thresholds are too high: Statistical and pathological evaluation. Brain, 138(7), 2020-2033. doi: 10.1093/brain/awv112. UCSF: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4xm4t4n4 |
| ISSN: | 1460-2156 0006-8950 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/brain/awv112 |
| Popis: | © 2015 The Author. Amyloid-β, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, begins accumulating up to two decades before the onset of dementia, and can be detected in vivo applying amyloid-β positron emission tomography tracers such as carbon-11-labelled Pittsburgh compound-B. A variety of thresholds have been applied in the literature to define Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography positivity, but the ability of these thresholds to detect early amyloid-β deposition is unknown, and validation studies comparing Pittsburgh compound-B thresholds to post-mortem amyloid burden are lacking. In this study we first derived thresholds for amyloid positron emission tomography positivity using Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography in 154 cognitively normal older adults with four complementary approaches: (i) reference values from a young control group aged between 20 and 30 years; (ii) a Gaussian mixture model that assigned each subject a probability of being amyloid-β-positive or amyloid-β-negative based on Pittsburgh compound-B index uptake; (iii) a k-means cluster approach that clustered subjects into amyloid-β-positive or amyloid-β-negative based on Pittsburgh compound-B uptake in different brain regions (features); and (iv) an iterative voxel-based analysis that further explored the spatial pattern of early amyloid-β positron emission tomography signal. Next, we tested the sensitivity and specificity of the derived thresholds in 50 individuals who underwent Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography during life and brain autopsy (mean time positron emission tomography to autopsy 3.1 ± 1.8 years). Amyloid at autopsy was classified using Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) criteria, unadjusted for age. The analytic approaches yielded low thresholds (standard uptake value ratiolow = 1.21, distribution volume ratiolow = 1.08) that represent the earliest detectable Pittsburgh compound-B signal, as well as high thresholds (standard uptake value ratiohigh = 1.40, distribution volume ratiohigh = 1.20) that are more conservative in defining Pittsburgh compound-B positron emission tomography positivity. In voxel-wise contrasts, elevated Pittsburgh compound-B retention was first noted in the medial frontal cortex, then the precuneus, lateral frontal and parietal lobes, and finally the lateral temporal lobe. When compared to post-mortem amyloid burden, low proposed thresholds were more sensitive than high thresholds (sensitivities: distribution volume ratiolow 81.0%, standard uptake value ratiolow 83.3%; distribution volume ratiohigh 61.9%, standard uptake value ratiohigh 62.5%) for CERAD moderate-to-frequent neuritic plaques, with similar specificity (distribution volume ratiolow 95.8%; standard uptake value ratiolow, distribution volume ratiohigh and standard uptake value ratiohigh 100.0%). A receiver operator characteristic analysis identified optimal distribution volume ratio (1.06) and standard uptake value ratio (1.20) thresholds that were nearly identical to the a priori distribution volume ratiolow and standard uptake value ratiolow. In summary, we found that frequently applied thresholds for Pittsburgh compound-B positivity (typically at or above distribution volume ratiohigh and standard uptake value ratiohigh) are overly stringent in defining amyloid positivity. Lower thresholds in this study resulted in higher sensitivity while not compromising specificity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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