Performance of an Ultrasonic Ranging Sensor in Apple Tree Canopies

Autor: Jesús Pomar, Ferran Camp, Santiago Planas, Francesc Solanelles, J. R. Rosell, Emilio Gil, Alexandre Escolà, F. Gràcia, Jordi Llorens
Přispěvatelé: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. POCIÓ - Protecció Vegetal
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2011
Předmět:
Canopy
Arbres fruiters -- Explotació
distance measurements
Engineering
Distance measurements
ultrasonic interferences
Pomera
Apple tree
lcsh:Chemical technology
Biochemistry
Article
Trees
Analytical Chemistry
ultrasonic sensor
apple tree orchard
Enginyeria electrònica::Instrumentació i mesura::Sensors i actuadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]
Ultrasonic interferences
Ultrasons
Computer Simulation
Ultrasonics
lcsh:TP1-1185
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Crop management
Instrumentation
Remote sensing
Ultrasonic testing
business.industry
Numerical Analysis
Computer-Assisted
Ranging
Atomic and Molecular Physics
and Optics
Plant Leaves
Distàncies -- Mesurament
Tree (data structure)
Sound
Distance measurement
Malus
Linear Models
Apple tree orchard
Ultrasonic sensor
Laboratories
business
Field conditions
Zdroj: Sensors; Volume 11; Issue 3; Pages: 2459-2477
Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname
Sensors, Vol 11, Iss 3, Pp 2459-2477 (2011)
UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio Abierto de la UdL
Universitad de Lleida
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1424-8220
DOI: 10.3390/s110302459
Popis: Electronic canopy characterization is an important issue in tree crop management. Ultrasonic and optical sensors are the most used for this purpose. The objective of this work was to assess the performance of an ultrasonic sensor under laboratory and field conditions in order to provide reliable estimations of distance measurements to apple tree canopies. To this purpose, a methodology has been designed to analyze sensor performance in relation to foliage ranging and to interferences with adjacent sensors when working simultaneously. Results show that the average error in distance measurement using the ultrasonic sensor in laboratory conditions is ±0.53 cm. However, the increase of variability in field conditions reduces the accuracy of this kind of sensors when estimating distances to canopies. The average error in such situations is ±5.11 cm. When analyzing interferences of adjacent sensors 30 cm apart, the average error is ±17.46 cm. When sensors are separated 60 cm, the average error is ±9.29 cm. The ultrasonic sensor tested has been proven to be suitable to estimate distances to the canopy in field conditions when sensors are 60 cm apart or more and could, therefore, be used in a system to estimate structural canopy parameters in precision horticulture. This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and by the European Union through the FEDER funds and is part of research projects Pulvexact (AGL2002-04260-C04-02), Optidosa (AGL2007-66093-C04-03) and Safespray (AGL2010-22304-C04-03).
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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