The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the treatment of major depression and Alzheimer's disease: Acting separately or synergistically?
| Autor: | Siddharth Gaikwad, Chu Hsin Shieh, Kuan-Pin Su, Allan V. Kalueff, Cai Song, Yi Shyuan Wu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Antioxidant Docosahexaenoic Acids Neurogenesis medicine.medical_treatment Anti-Inflammatory Agents Pharmacology Biology Biochemistry Antioxidants 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Alzheimer Disease Genetic model medicine Animals Humans chemistry.chemical_classification Depressive Disorder Major food and beverages Fatty acid Drug Synergism Cell Biology medicine.disease Eicosapentaenoic acid 030104 developmental biology Eicosapentaenoic Acid chemistry Docosahexaenoic acid lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Alzheimer's disease Signal transduction 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Signal Transduction Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| Zdroj: | Progress in Lipid Research. 62:41-54 |
| ISSN: | 0163-7827 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.12.003 |
| Popis: | Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3-PUFAs), mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), may improve or prevent some psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases in both experimental and clinical studies. As important membrane components, these PUFAs benefit brain health by modulating neuroimmune and apoptotic pathways, changing membrane function and/or competing with n-6 PUFAs, the precursors of inflammatory mediators. However, the exact role of each fatty acid in neuroimmune modulation and neurogenesis, the interaction between EPA and DHA, and the best EPA:DHA ratios for improving brain disorders, remain unclear. It is also unknown whether EPA, as a DHA precursor, acts directly or via DHA. Here, we discuss recent evidence of EPA and DHA effects in the treatment of major depression and Alzheimer's disease, as well as their potential synergistic action on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neurotrophic processes in the brain. We further analyze the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which EPA, DHA or their combination may benefit these diseases. We also outline the limitations of current studies and suggest new genetic models and novel approaches to overcome these limitations. Finally, we summarize future strategies for translational research in this field. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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