Effect of HIV-1 exposure and antiretroviral treatment strategies in HIV-infected children on immunogenicity of vaccines during infancy
| Autor: | Nadia van Niekerk, Omphile E. Simani, Mark F. Cotton, Peter V. Adrian, Shabir A. Madhi, Alane Izu, Avy Violari |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Immunology Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause complex mixtures law.invention Randomized controlled trial Conjugate vaccine law Hiv infected Antiretroviral treatment Humans Immunology and Allergy Medicine Hepatitis B Vaccines Hepatitis B Antibodies Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine Haemophilus Vaccines Immunoassay medicine.diagnostic_test biology business.industry Immunogenicity Infant virus diseases Antibodies Bacterial Virology Infectious Diseases Anti-Retroviral Agents biology.protein Female Antibody business |
| Zdroj: | AIDS. 28:531-541 |
| ISSN: | 0269-9370 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/qad.0000000000000127 |
| Popis: | We studied the effect of maternal HIV-exposure and timing of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in HIV-infected infants on antibody responses to combined diphtheria-toxoid-tetanus-toxoid-whole cell pertussis and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (HibCV) and monovalent hepatitis B vaccine (HBV).HIV-uninfected infants born to HIV-infected (HEU) or HIV-uninfected (HUU) mothers were enrolled in parallel with HIV-infected children with CD4⁺ ≥25%, who were randomized to initiate ART immediately upon confirmation of HIV-infection (ART-Immed) or when clinically and/or immunologically indicated (ART-Def). Infants received three doses of diphtheria-toxoid-tetanus-toxoid -wP-HibC/HBV at 7.3, 11.4 and 15.4 weeks of age. Antibody to diphtheria-toxoid, tetanus-toxoid, pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were measured by Luminex multiplex-immunoassay and polyribosyl-ribitol phosphate (PRP) antibodies by standard ELISA and bactericidal assay.Prevaccination antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) were higher in HUU than HEU infants for tetanus-toxoid, but lower for HBsAg, diphtheria-toxoid and FHA. Postvaccination GMCs and proportion with seroprotective antibody levels or sero-conversion rates were similar between HUU and HEU infants for all vaccines. Postvaccination GMCs were higher in HUU for tetanus-toxoid, diphtheria-toxoid, HBsAg and FHA than ART-Immed infants; and for tetanus-toxoid, HBsAg and pertussis-toxoid than ART-Def infants. Nevertheless, there was no difference in proportion of HUU and HIV-infected infants who developed sero-protective vaccine-specific antibody levels postvaccination. The timing of ART initiation generally did not affect immune responses to vaccines between HIV-infected groups.Vaccination with DTwP-HibCV/HBV of HEU and HIV-infected infants initiated on early-ART confers similar immunity compared with HUU children. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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