Western and heart healthy dietary patterns differentially affect the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism, interferon signaling and inflammation in the jejunum of Ossabaw pigs

Autor: Zhi Chai, Sukla Lakshman, Jerrold R. Turner, Nirupa R Matthan, Stefania Lamon-Fava, Joseph F. Urban, Gloria Solano Aguilar, Shumao Ye, Maura E Walker, Alice H. Lichtenstein
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
Swine
Endocrinology
Diabetes and Metabolism
Saturated fat
Atorvastatin
Clinical Biochemistry
Gene Expression
Coronary Artery Disease
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Biochemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase
Medicine
Intestinal Mucosa
Nutrition and Dietetics
Heart
Fish oil
Jejunum
Female
medicine.symptom
Diet
Healthy
medicine.drug
medicine.medical_specialty
FADS1
Inflammation
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
Animals
Humans
Molecular Biology
business.industry
Cholesterol
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Unsaturated fat
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Lipid metabolism
Feeding Behavior
Atherosclerosis
Lipid Metabolism
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
chemistry
Diet
Western
Interferons
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
business
Zdroj: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry. 90
ISSN: 1873-4847
Popis: Diet quality and statin therapy are established modulators of coronary artery disease (CAD) progression, but their effect on the gastrointestinal tract and subsequent sequelae that could affect CAD progression are relatively unexplored. To address this gap, Ossabaw pigs (N = 32) were randomly assigned to receive isocaloric amounts of a Western-type diet (WD; high in saturated fat, refined carbohydrate, and cholesterol, and low in fiber) or a heart healthy-type diet (HHD; high in unsaturated fat, whole grains, fruits and vegetables, supplemented with fish oil, and low in cholesterol), with or without atorvastatin, for 6 months. At the end of the study, RNA sequencing with 100 base pair single end reads on NextSeq 500 platform was conducted in isolated pig jejunal mucosa. A two-factor edgeR analysis revealed that the dietary patterns resulted in three differentially expressed genes related to lipid metabolism (SCD, FADS1, and SQLE). The expression of these genes was associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and atherosclerotic lesion severity. Subsequent gene enrichment analysis indicated the WD, compared to the HHD, resulted in higher interferon signaling and inflammation, with some of these genes being significantly associated with serum TNF-α and/or hsCRP concentrations, but not atherosclerotic lesion severity. No significant effect of atorvastatin therapy on gene expression, nor its interaction with dietary patterns, was identified. In conclusion, Western and heart healthy-type dietary patterns differentially affect the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism, interferon signaling, and inflammation in the jejunum of Ossabaw pigs.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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