Methylphenidate reduces orienting bias in healthy individuals
| Autor: | Hagar Gelbard Goren, Shirel Dorman-Ilan, Aviv Segev, Yael Doreen Lewis, Yael Barnea, Hila Z. Gvirts Problovski, Noa Brande-Eilat, Leehe Peled-Avron, Kfir Feffer, Rachel Tomer, Yechiel Levkovitz |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Dopamine Audiology 050105 experimental psychology Attentional Bias 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors Double-Blind Method medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology Methylphenidate 05 social sciences Psychiatry and Mental health Healthy individuals Space Perception Central Nervous System Stimulants Female Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England). 35(6) |
| ISSN: | 1461-7285 |
| Popis: | Background: Healthy individuals show subtle orienting bias, a phenomenon known as pseudoneglect, reflected in a tendency to direct greater attention toward one hemispace. Accumulating evidence indicates that this bias is an individual trait, and attention is preferentially directed contralaterally to the hemisphere with higher dopamine signaling. Administration of methylphenidate (MPH), a dopamine transporter inhibitor, was shown to normalize aberrant spatial attention bias in psychiatric and neurological patients, suggesting that the reduced orienting bias following administration of MPH reflects an asymmetric effect of the drug, increasing extracellular dopamine in the hemisphere with lower dopamine signaling. Aim: We predicted that, similarly to its effect on patients with brain pathology, MPH will reduce the orienting bias in healthy subjects. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we examined the behavioral effects of a single dose (20 mg) of MPH on orienting bias in 36 healthy subjects (18 females) in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, within-subject design, using the greyscales task, which has been shown to detect subtle attentional biases in both patients and healthy individuals. Results/outcomes: Results demonstrate that healthy individuals vary in both direction and magnitude of spatial orienting bias and show reduced magnitude of orienting bias following MPH administration, regardless of the initial direction of asymmetry. Conclusions/interpretations: Our findings reveal, for the first time in healthy subjects, that MPH decreases spatial orienting bias in an asymmetric manner. Given the well-documented association between orienting bias and asymmetric dopamine signaling, these findings also suggest that MPH might exert a possible asymmetric neural effect in the healthy brain. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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