A comparison of sedative effects of xylazine alone or combined with levomethadone or ketamine in calves prior to disbudding
| Autor: | Magdy Adam, Riikka Aho, Laura Hänninen, Marianna Norring, Marja Raekallio, Ann-Helena Hokkanen, Suvi Taponen, Kati Salla |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Production Animal Medicine, Helsinki One Health (HOH), Departments of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Teachers' Academy, Laura Hänninen / Principal Investigator, Ruminant health, DAPHNE - Developing Assessment Practices in Higher Education, Marja Raekallio / Principal Investigator |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Xylazine
PHARMACOKINETICS 040301 veterinary sciences Sedation 413 Veterinary science calves 0403 veterinary science Levomethadone Pharmacokinetics levomethadone MANAGEMENT medicine Animals Hypnotics and Sedatives Ketamine Horns General Veterinary business.industry Low dose 0402 animal and dairy science PAIN 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences 040201 dairy & animal science 3. Good health Meloxicam sedation disbudding Anesthesia YOUNG Sedative Effects Cattle medicine.symptom business RESPONSES medicine.drug Anesthesia Local |
| Zdroj: | Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia. 48(6) |
| ISSN: | 1467-2995 |
| Popis: | Objective To compare the sedative effects of intramuscular xylazine alone or combined with levomethadone or ketamine in calves before cautery disbudding. Study design Randomized, blinded, clinical trial. Animals A total of 28 dairy calves, aged 21 ± 5 days, weight 61.0 ± 9.3 kg (mean ± standard deviation). Methods Calves were randomly allocated to three groups: xylazine (0.1 mg kg−1) and levomethadone (0.05 mg kg−1; group XL), xylazine (0.1 mg kg−1) and ketamine (1 mg kg−1; group XK) and xylazine alone (0.2 mg kg−1; group X). Local anaesthesia (procaine hydrochloride) and meloxicam were administered subcutaneously 15 minutes after sedation and 15 minutes before disbudding. The calves’ responses to the administration of local anaesthesia and disbudding were recorded. Sedation scores were evaluated at baseline and at intervals up to 240 minutes postsedation. Times of recumbency, first head lift and first standing were recorded. Drug plasma concentrations were measured. Results Data were obtained from 27 animals. All protocols resulted in sedation sufficient to administer local anaesthesia and to perform disbudding. Sedation scores significantly correlated with drug plasma concentrations (p ≤ 0.002). Times to recumbency did not differ among protocols (2.8 ± 0.3, 3.1 ± 1.1 and 2.1 ± 0.8 minutes for groups XL, XK and X, respectively), whereas interval from drug(s) administration until first head lift was significantly shorter in group XK than X (47.3 ± 14.1, 34.4 ± 5.3 and 62.6 ± 31.9 minutes for groups XL, XK and X, respectively). The area under the time-sedation curve was significantly greater in group X than XK or XL (754 ± 215, 665 ± 118 and 1005 ± 258 minutes for groups XL, XK and X, respectively). Conclusion and clinical relevance Levomethadone or ketamine with a low dose of xylazine produced short but sufficient sedation for local anaesthesia and disbudding with minimum resistance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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