Cytokine profiles in the testes of rats treated with lipopolysaccharide reveal localized suppression of inflammatory responses
| Autor: | Julie A. Muir, Lynda M. Foulds, David M. de Kretser, Mark P. Hedger, David J. Nikolic-Paterson, Orapin Gerdprasert, David James Phillips, Andreas Meinhardt, Moira K O'Bryan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Lipopolysaccharides
Male medicine.medical_specialty Lipopolysaccharide Physiology medicine.medical_treatment Nuclease Protection Assays Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Inflammation Testicle Biology Proinflammatory cytokine Rats Sprague-Dawley Mice chemistry.chemical_compound Physiology (medical) Internal medicine Testis Gene expression medicine Animals Testosterone Mice Inbred C3H Dose-Response Relationship Drug Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Leydig Cells Interleukin Germinal cell Blotting Northern Immunohistochemistry Rats Up-Regulation Cytokine medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology chemistry Immunology Chromatography Gel Cytokines RNA medicine.symptom Interleukin-1 |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 288:R1744-R1755 |
| ISSN: | 1522-1490 0363-6119 |
| Popis: | Evidence indicates that the testis possesses a reduced capacity to mount inflammatory and rejection responses, which undoubtedly contributes to the ongoing survival of the highly immunogenic germ cells. The contribution of local cytokine expression to this condition was investigated in adult male rats treated with lipopolysaccharide to induce inflammation. Cytokine mRNA and protein expression were determined in tissue extracts and fluids by Northern blot analysis, quantitative PCR, or RNAse protection assay and specific ELISAs. Testicular expression of the proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α was considerably attenuated compared with the liver (control tissue); in contrast, the testicular IL-6 response was enhanced. Expression of IL-10, a type 2 immunoregulatory cytokine, was similar in both testis and liver, whereas the immunoregulatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor-β1and activin A were constitutively elevated in both normal and inflamed testes. The IL-1β and transforming growth factor-β1proteins were present principally in their latent (inactive) forms, indicating that enzymic processing is an important control mechanism for these two cytokines within the testis. These data indicate that inflammatory and regulatory cytokine activity is regulated at both transcriptional and posttranslational levels in a testis-specific manner. It is concluded that a novel pattern of suppression of proinflammatory cytokine responses and normal or elevated expression of immunoregulatory cytokines may be responsible for reduced inflammatory responses and enhanced graft survival in the testis. These data have important implications for the understanding and treatment of male autoimmune infertility, testicular inflammation. and carcinogenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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