Circadian Rhythms of Perineuronal Net Composition
| Autor: | Jake Valeri, David Benefield, Harry Pantazopoulos, Barbara Gisabella, Magdalena Ardelt, Phoebe Seltzer, Lindsay Rexrode, Sabina Berretta, Anna Reich, Emrah Yildiz, Gabriele Chelini |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Dendritic spine
extracellular matrix Period (gene) Biology Amygdala Mice medicine Animals Circadian rhythm sleep Neurons Extracellular Matrix Proteins perineuronal nets General Neuroscience Perineuronal net General Medicine Human brain Circadian Rhythm Sleep deprivation memory consolidation psychiatric disorders medicine.anatomical_structure Cognition and Behavior circadian rhythms Thalamic Nuclei Memory consolidation Nerve Net medicine.symptom Neuroscience Research Article: New Research |
| Zdroj: | eNeuro |
| ISSN: | 2373-2822 |
| DOI: | 10.1523/eneuro.0034-19.2020 |
| Popis: | Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix (ECM) structures that envelop neurons and regulate synaptic functions. Long thought to be stable structures, PNNs have been recently shown to respond dynamically during learning, potentially regulating the formation of new synapses. We postulated that PNNs vary during sleep, a period of active synaptic modification. Notably, PNN components are cleaved by matrix proteases such as the protease cathepsin-S. This protease is diurnally expressed in the mouse cortex, coinciding with dendritic spine density rhythms. Thus, cathepsin-S may contribute to PNN remodeling during sleep, mediating synaptic reorganization. These studies were designed to test the hypothesis that PNN numbers vary in a diurnal manner in the rodent and human brain, as well as in a circadian manner in the rodent brain, and that these rhythms are disrupted by sleep deprivation. In mice, we observed diurnal and circadian rhythms of PNNs labeled with the lectinWisteria floribundaagglutinin (WFA+ PNNs) in several brain regions involved in emotional memory processing. Sleep deprivation prevented the daytime decrease of WFA+ PNNs and enhances fear memory extinction. Diurnal rhythms of cathepsin-S expression in microglia were observed in the same brain regions, opposite to PNN rhythms. Finally, incubation of mouse sections with cathepsin-S eliminated PNN labeling. In humans, WFA+ PNNs showed a diurnal rhythm in the amygdala and thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Our results demonstrate that PNNs vary in a circadian manner and this is disrupted by sleep deprivation. We suggest that rhythmic modification of PNNs may contribute to memory consolidation during sleep. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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