Results from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change Photochemical Model Intercomparison (PhotoComp)
| Autor: | Robert B. Chatfield, Joyce E. Penner, Jennifer R. Olson, Oliver Wild, Sanford Sillman, Anne M. Thompson, Gregory R. Carmichael, Terje Koren Berntsen, Larry W. Horowitz, Frode Stordal, Prasad S. Kasibhatla, K. S. Law, Lori Perliski, Maria Kanakidou, Michael J. Prather, Michael Kuhn, Peter S. Connell, Shengxin Jin, Richard G. Derwent, Rao Kotamarthi |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Centre des Faibles Radioactivités, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), University of Oslo (UiO), University of Iowa [Iowa City], NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Meteorological Office, Harvard University, State University of New York (SUNY), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Georgia [USA], Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics [Cambridge], Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Institut für Atmosphärische Chemie [Jülich], Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Princeton University, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 1997 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
Ozone 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences mechanism Soil Science 010501 environmental sciences Aquatic Science Oceanography Atmospheric sciences Photochemistry 01 natural sciences nitrogen Troposphere chemistry.chemical_compound Geochemistry and Petrology Physical Sciences and Mathematics OH concentrations Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Tropospheric ozone [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment Root-mean-square deviation NOx 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere ozone production Ecology Paleontology Forestry field Geophysics troposphere chemistry kinetics 13. Climate action Space and Planetary Science Greenhouse gas Atmospheric chemistry atmosphere stratosphere oxides Environmental science Nitrogen oxide |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union, 1997, 102 (D5), pp.5979-5991. ⟨10.1029/96JD03380⟩ Scopus-Elsevier Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 1997, 102 (D5), pp.5979-5991. ⟨10.1029/96JD03380⟩ Olson, Jennifer; Prather, Michael; Berntsen, Terje; Carmichael, Gregory; Chatfield, Robert; Connell, Peter; et al.(1997). Results from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change Photochemical Model Intercomparison (PhotoComp). Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(D5), 5979. doi: 10.1029/96JD03380. UC Irvine: Department of Earth System Science, UCI. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3vd6z8w4 |
| ISSN: | 2169-897X 2169-8996 |
| Popis: | Results from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change (IPCC) tropospheric photochemical model intercomparison (PhotoComp) are presented with a brief discussion of the factors that may contribute to differences in the modeled behaviors of HOx cycling and the accompanying O-3 tendencies. PhotoComp was a tightly controlled model experiment in which the IPCC 1994 assessment sought to determine the consistency among models that are used to predict changes in tropospheric ozone, an important greenhouse gas, Calculated tropospheric photodissociation rates displayed significant differences, with a root-mean-square (rms) error of the reported model results ranging from about +/-6-9% of the mean (for O-3 and NO2) to up to +/-15% (H2O2 and CH2O). Models using multistream methods in radiative transfer calculations showed distinctly higher rates for photodissociation of NO2 and CH2O compared to models using two-stream methods, and this difference accounted for up to one third of the rms error for these two rates, In general, some small but systematic differences between models were noted for the predicted chemical tendencies in cases that did not include reactions of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC). These differences in modeled O-3 tendencies in some cases could be identified, for example, as being due to differences in photodissociation rates, but in others they could not and must be ascribed to unidentified errors. O-3 tendencies showed rms errors of about +/-10% in the moist, surface level cases with NOx concentrations equal to a few tens of parts per trillion by volume. Most of these model to model differences can be traced to differences in the destruction of O-3 due to reaction with HO2. Differences in HO2, in turn, are likely due to (1) inconsistent reaction rates used by the models for the conversion of HO2 to H2O2 and (2) differences in the model-calculated photolysis of H2O2 and CH2O. In the middle tropospheric ''polluted'' scenario with NOx concentrations larger than a few parts per billion by volume, O-3 tendencies showed rms errors of +/-10-30%. These model to model differences most likely stem from differences in the calculated rates of O-3 photolysis to O(D-1), which provides about 80% of the HOx source under these conditions. The introduction of hydrocarbons dramatically increased both the rate of NOx loss and its model to model differences, which, in turn, are reflected in an increased spread of predicted O-3. Including NMHC in the simulation approximately doubled the rms error for O-3 concentration. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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