Identification of NLOS and Multi-Path Conditions in UWB Localization Using Machine Learning Methods
| Autor: | Bastian Steinhagen, Jonas Dominik Homburg, Cung Lian Sang, Marc Hesse, Ulrich Rückert, Michael Adams |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Computer science
SVM Machine learning computer.software_genre lcsh:Technology lcsh:Chemistry multi-path detection Non-line-of-sight propagation UWB DWM1000 artificial_intelligence_robotics multilayer perceptron lcsh:QH301-705.5 LOS Artificial neural network lcsh:T business.industry Ranging Ensemble learning lcsh:QC1-999 Random forest Support vector machine indoor localization machine learning lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 Binary classification lcsh:TA1-2040 Multilayer perceptron NLOS identification Artificial intelligence lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) business computer lcsh:Physics random forest NLOS and MP discrimination |
| Zdroj: | Applied Sciences Volume 10 Issue 11 Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 3980, p 3980 (2020) |
| Popis: | In Ultra-wideband (UWB)-based wireless ranging or distance measurement, differentiation between line-of-sight (LOS), non-line-of-sight (NLOS), and multi-path (MP) conditions are important for precise indoor localization. This is because the accuracy of the reported measured distance in UWB ranging systems is directly affected by the measurement conditions (LOS, NLOS or MP). However, the major contributions in literature only address the binary classification between LOS and NLOS in UWB ranging systems. The MP condition is usually ignored. In fact, the MP condition also has a significant impact on the ranging errors of the UWB compared to the direct LOS measurement results. Though, the magnitudes of the error contained in MP conditions are generally lower than completely blocked NLOS scenarios. This paper addresses machine learning techniques for identification of the mentioned three classes (LOS, NLOS, and MP) in the UWB indoor localization system using an experimental data-set. The data-set was collected in different conditions at different scenarios in indoor environments. Using the collected real measurement data, we compare three machine learning (ML) classifiers, i.e., support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) based on an ensemble learning method, and multilayer perceptron (MLP) based on a deep artificial neural network, in terms of their performance. The results show that applying ML methods in UWB ranging systems are effective in identification of the above-mentioned three classes. In specific, the overall accuracy reaches up to 91.9% in the best-case scenario and 72.9% in the worst-case scenario. Regarding the F1-score, it is 0.92 in the best-case and 0.69 in the worst-case scenario. For reproducible results and further exploration, we provide the publicly accessible experimental research data discussed in this paper at PUB - Publications at Bielefeld University. The evaluations of the three classifiers are conducted using the open-source python machine learning library scikit-learn. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(11), 3980; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10113980 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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