Prevalence of smoking in psychiatric patients
| Autor: | Marie-France Poirier, Dominique Attar-Levy, Marie-Chantal Bourdel, Olivier Canceil, Franck Baylé, Jean-Pierre Olié, Bruno Millet, Cécile Moatti |
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| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Patients media_common.quotation_subject Population Nicotine Sex Factors Prevalence medicine Humans education Psychiatry Socioeconomic status Biological Psychiatry Aged media_common Pharmacology Analysis of Variance education.field_of_study Chi-Square Distribution business.industry Mental Disorders Addiction Smoking Age Factors Middle Aged CIDI medicine.disease Socioeconomic Factors Schizophrenia Female France business Chi-squared distribution Anxiety disorder medicine.drug Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 26:529-537 |
| ISSN: | 0278-5846 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/s0278-5846(01)00304-9 |
| Popis: | Compelling evidence that tobacco-smoking is a form of drug addiction exists. The aim of this study is to determine the following: (1) prevalence of tobacco-smoking and of nicotine dependence in French psychiatric patients; (2) rates and patterns of tobacco smoking and of nicotine dependence according to diagnosis; (3) relationship between current smoking status and antipsychotic medications; and (4) relationship between cigarette smoking and neurological side effects induced by neuroleptics. A population of 711 psychiatric in- and outpatients was assessed using: (1) a detailed smoking self-questionnaire for smoking history and nicotine dependence; and (2) a questionnaire for staff covering treatments and DSMIII-R diagnoses. Data were analyzed using chi2 analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests (one factor) for quantitative comparisons between groups of patients, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test with age covariate was performed for age-dependent variables. Prevalence of smoking in the population of psychiatric patients was significantly higher than in the French general population. Diagnoses among current smokers were mainly substance-related disorder and schizophrenia. The authors established correlations between prevalence of smoking and age, sex, marital and socioeconomic status, alcohol use, coffee consumption and other psychoactive substance use or abuse. The authors did not find relationship between smoking prevalence and institutionalization. Neuroleptic neurological side effects were significantly fewer among smokers compared to nonsmokers. However, the rate of smokers was significantly higher in psychiatric patients receiving neuroleptic drugs. Nicotine abuse in psychiatric patients, and especially in schizophrenic patients, could support the hypothesis that smoking is consistent with self-medication. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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