The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS): rationale and methods
| Autor: | George J. Nemo, R.O. Gilcher, Ruth A. Thomson, Edward L. Murphy, T.F. Zuck, James W. Smith, Alan E. Williams, Steven H. Kleinman, Charles G. Hollingsworth, George B. Schreiber, Catharie C. Nass, H.E. Ownby, Michael P. Busch |
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| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Immunology
Blood Donors HIV Infections Virus Serology Retrovirus Antigen Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Humans Immunology and Allergy Medicine Sida Deltaretrovirus Infections biology business.industry Transfusion Reaction virus diseases Hematology biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology biology.protein Viral disease Antibody business |
| Zdroj: | Transfusion. 35:944-951 |
| ISSN: | 1537-2995 0041-1132 |
| DOI: | 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1995.351196110900.x |
| Popis: | BY THE SPRING OF 1984, it was clear that AIDS was caused by at least one retrovirus, initially called human T-cell lymphotropic virus, type 111 (HTLV-III), and later called the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).'.' Shortly after HTLV-111 (HIV) was described, antibody enzyme immunoassays were developed. After these tests were introduced into blood bank practice in March and April of 1985, a significant number of HIV enzyme immunoassay-repeatably reactive results, many later confirmed as true-positive results, were enco~ntered.~ This finding was unexpected and raised serious concern, because blood bankers had believed that most people at high risk for AIDS had voluntarily refrained from donating blood and plasma.4-' In 1985, a second strain of HIV was identified7 and designated HIV-2, with the original virus now called HIV1. A high degree (60-91%) of serologic cross-reactivity was exhibited against the original whole viral lysate enzyme immunoassays for HIV-1 antibodies8 To date, one blood donor infected with HIV-2 has been identified in the United States whose sera reacted with licensed HIV1 antibody screening tests,Y and one blood donor has been identified whose testing patterns suggested reactivity with HIV-2 antigens alone.'" No case of transfusion-transmitted HIV-2 has been reported in the United States.'" US Abbreviations: HIV-1 and -2 = human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2; HTLV-I and -11 = human T-lymphotropic virus type I and type 11; HTLV-111 = HTLV, type 111, now HIV; MCC = medical coordinating center; NHLBI = National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; REDS = Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study; RFP(s) = request(s) for proposals; WBC(s) = white cell(s). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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