Inhibition of LiCl-induced conditioning of anticipatory nausea in rats following immune system stimulation: Comparing the immunogens lipopolysaccharide, muramyl dipeptide, and polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid
| Autor: | Shelley K. Cross-Mellor, Melissa Y.T. Chan, Caylen J. Cloutier, Klaus-Peter Ossenkopp, Melinda-Sue Rodowa, Martin Kavaliers |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Lipopolysaccharides
Male Lipopolysaccharide medicine.medical_treatment Conditioning Classical Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Stimulation Context (language use) Pharmacology 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Weight loss medicine Animals Rats Long-Evans Acute-Phase Reaction Saline 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Behavior Animal Chemistry Body Weight Nausea Rats Poly I-C Anesthesia Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid Conditioning medicine.symptom Lithium Chloride Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Muramyl dipeptide |
| Zdroj: | Physiology & Behavior. 106:243-251 |
| ISSN: | 0031-9384 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.02.005 |
| Popis: | The effects of the bacterial endotoxins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and muramyl dipeptide (MDP; Experiment 1), and the viral mimetic, polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (poly I:C; Experiment 2), on the acquisition of “conditioned gaping” behavior in the rodent model of LiCl-induced anticipatory nausea were examined. Experimentally naive adult male Long–Evans rats were injected (intraperitoneal, ip) with either 200 μg/kg LPS, 1.6 mg/kg MDP, or 0.9% saline (Experiment 1), or 4.0 mg/kg poly I:C or 0.9% saline (Experiment 2), 90 min prior to treatment with 127 mg/kg LiCl or saline control and immediately placed into a distinctive context for 30 min (repeated over 4 conditioning days, spaced 72 h apart). On a drug-free test day (72 h following conditioning day 4), each animal was re-exposed to the context for 10 min, and orofacial and aversive behavioral responses were video recorded and analyzed. The results showed that pre-treatment with LPS, MDP (Experiment 1), or poly I:C (Experiment 2) prior to LiCl + context conditioning significantly impaired the establishment of conditioned gaping behavior, thus blocking the acquisition of anticipatory nausea. Results varied in regards to peripheral acute-phase response sickness behaviors, with significantly reduced weight loss in LPS-treated animals, less robust weight loss in poly I:C-treated animals, and no significant reductions in body weight in MDP-treated animals. The learning impairments observed in the current study suggest that endotoxin treatment with bacterial and viral endotoxin may have stronger central effects on learning and memory behavior, relative to peripheral effects on body weight and other sickness-related responses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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