White matter and hypoxic hypobaria in humans
| Autor: | Stephen A. McGuire, Peter Kochunov, L. Elliot Hong, Meghann C. Ryan, Laura M. Rowland, John H. Sladky, Paul M. Sherman, S. Andrea Wijtenburg |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Adolescent Glutamic Acid Physiology Altitude Sickness Neuroprotection Reduced white matter 050105 experimental psychology White matter Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Fractional anisotropy medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Research Articles Air Pressure Aspartic Acid Radiological and Ultrasound Technology business.industry Cerebral white matter 05 social sciences Brain Glutathione White Matter Glutamine Diffusion Tensor Imaging Military Personnel medicine.anatomical_structure Neurology Cerebral blood flow Cerebrovascular Circulation Neurology (clinical) Anatomy business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Diffusion MRI |
| Zdroj: | Hum Brain Mapp |
| ISSN: | 1097-0193 1065-9471 |
| Popis: | Occupational exposure to hypobaria (low atmospheric pressure) is a risk factor for reduced white matter integrity, increased white matter hyperintensive burden, and decline in cognitive function. We tested the hypothesis that a discrete hypobaric exposure will have a transient impact on cerebral physiology. Cerebral blood flow, fractional anisotropy of water diffusion in cerebral white matter, white matter hyperintensity volume, and concentrations of neurochemicals were measured at baseline and 24 hr and 72 hr postexposure in N = 64 healthy aircrew undergoing standard US Air Force altitude chamber training and compared to N = 60 controls not exposed to hypobaria. We observed that hypobaric exposure led to a significant rise in white matter cerebral blood flow (CBF) 24 hr postexposure that remained elevated, albeit not significantly, at 72 hr. No significant changes were observed in structural measurements or gray matter CBF. Subjects with higher baseline concentrations of neurochemicals associated with neuroprotection and maintenance of normal white matter physiology (glutathione, N‐acetylaspartate, glutamate/glutamine) showed proportionally less white matter CBF changes. Our findings suggest that discrete hypobaric exposure may provide a model to study white matter injury associated with occupational hypobaric exposure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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