How Mechanical Forces Shape Plant Organs
| Autor: | Jan Traas, Christophe Trehin, Olivier Hamant, Mariko Asaoka, Duy-Chi Trinh, Feng Zhao, Leia Colin, Juan Alonso-Serra, Shogo Takatani, Matthieu Cortes, Alice Malivert |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Turgor pressure Robustness (evolution) Plant Development Reproducibility of Results Biology Plants General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Biomechanical Phenomena 03 medical and health sciences Molecular network 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine Cell Wall Growth arrest Plant Cells Stress Mechanical Alphabet General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Biological system Process (anatomy) 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Current biology : CB. 31(3) |
| ISSN: | 1879-0445 |
| Popis: | Plants produce organs of various shapes and sizes. While much has been learned about genetic regulation of organogenesis, the integration of mechanics in the process is also gaining attention. Here, we consider the role of forces as instructive signals in organ morphogenesis. Turgor pressure is the primary cause of mechanical signals in developing organs. Because plant cells are glued to each other, mechanical signals act, in essence, at multiple scales, through cell wall contiguity and water flux. In turn, cells use such signals to resist mechanical stress, for instance, by reinforcing their cell walls. We show that the three elemental shapes behind plant organs - spheres, cylinders and lamina - can be actively maintained by such a mechanical feedback. Combinations of this 3-letter alphabet can generate more complex shapes. Furthermore, mechanical conflicts emerge at the boundary between domains exhibiting different growth rates or directions. These secondary mechanical signals contribute to three other organ shape features - folds, shape reproducibility and growth arrest. The further integration of mechanical signals with the molecular network offers many fruitful prospects for the scientific community, including the role of proprioception in organ shape robustness or the definition of cell and organ identities as a result of an interplay between biochemical and mechanical signals. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|