Signaling pathways in Rhabdomyosarcoma invasion and metastasis
Autor: | Assil Fahs, Farah Ramadan, Sandra E. Ghayad, Raya Saab |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
MAPK/ERK pathway Cancer Research Oncogene Proteins Fusion genetic structures Biology Exosome 03 medical and health sciences Paracrine signalling 0302 clinical medicine Rhabdomyosarcoma medicine Humans Paired Box Transcription Factors Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplasm Metastasis Child Autocrine signalling Protein kinase B PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Wnt signaling pathway musculoskeletal system medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer research human activities Signal Transduction |
Zdroj: | Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. 39:287-301 |
ISSN: | 1573-7233 0167-7659 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10555-020-09860-3 |
Popis: | Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive childhood mesenchymal tumor with two major molecular and histopathologic subtypes: fusion-positive (FP)RMS, characterized by the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein and largely of alveolar histology, and fusion-negative (FN)RMS, the majority of which exhibit embryonal tumor histology. Metastatic disease continues to be associated with poor overall survival despite intensive treatment strategies. Studies on RMS biology have provided some insight into autocrine as well as paracrine signaling pathways that contribute to invasion and metastatic propensity. Such pathways include those driven by the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion oncoprotein in FPRMS and signaling pathways such as IGF/RAS/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, cMET, FGFR4, and PDGFR in both FP and FNRMS. In addition, specific cytoskeletal proteins, G protein coupled receptors, Hedgehog, Notch, Wnt, Hippo, and p53 pathways play a role, as do specific microRNA. Paracrine factors, including secreted proteins and RMS-derived exosomes that carry cargo of protein and miRNA, have also recently emerged as potentially important players in RMS biology. This review summarizes the known factors contributing to RMS invasion and metastasis and their implications on identifying targets for treatment and a better understanding of metastatic RMS. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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