New insights into statistical learning and chunk learning in implicit sequence acquisition
| Autor: | Yue Du, Jane E. Clark |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Serial reaction time Speech recognition Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Serial Learning Stimulus (physiology) 050105 experimental psychology Statistical structure Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Chunking (psychology) Reaction Time Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Communication Statistical learning business.industry 05 social sciences Cognition Autoregressive model Female Sequence learning Probability Learning Psychology business Psychomotor Performance 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 24:1225-1233 |
| ISSN: | 1531-5320 1069-9384 |
| Popis: | Implicit sequence learning is ubiquitous in our daily life. However, it is unclear whether the initial acquisition of sequences results from learning to chunk items (i.e., chunk learning) or learning the underlying statistical regularities (i.e., statistical learning). By grouping responses with or without a distinct chunk or statistical structure into segments and comparing these responses, previous studies have demonstrated both chunk and statistical learning. However, few studies have considered the response sequence as a whole and examined the temporal dependency of the entire sequence, where the temporal dependencies could disclose the internal representations of chunk and statistical learning. Participants performed a serial reaction time (SRT) task under different stimulus interval conditions. We found that sequence learning reflected by reaction time (RT) rather than motor improvements represented by movement time (MT). The temporal dependency of RT and MT revealed that both RT and MT displayed recursive patterns caused by biomechanical effects of response locations and foot transitions. Chunking was noticeable only in the presence of the recurring RT or MT but vanished after the recursive component was removed, implying that chunk formation may result from biomechanical constraints rather than learning itself. In addition, we observed notable first-order autocorrelations in RT. This trial-to-trial association enhanced as learning progressed regardless of stimulus intervals, reflecting the internal cognitive representation of the first-order stimulus contingencies. Our results suggest that initial acquisition of implicit sequences may arise from first-order statistical learning rather than chunk learning. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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