Molecular Insights into Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Commensal Human Gut Microbiota
| Autor: | Ojasvi Mehta, Pawan Kumar, Jyoti Verma, Satyabrata Bag, Bipasa Saha, Bhabatosh Das, Mayanka Dayal, Anbumani Desigamani, Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja, Thandavarayan Ramamurthy, Sayantan Banerjee |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Gene Transfer Horizontal Genotype 030106 microbiology Soil Science Microbial Sensitivity Tests Gut flora medicine.disease_cause 03 medical and health sciences Feces Antibiotic resistance Transformation Genetic Microbial ecology Drug Resistance Bacterial medicine Humans Symbiosis Gene Vibrio cholerae Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Genetics Ecology biology Bacteria Whole Genome Sequencing Pathogenic bacteria Antimicrobial Commensalism biology.organism_classification Anti-Bacterial Agents Gastrointestinal Microbiome Interspersed Repetitive Sequences 030104 developmental biology Phenotype Genes Bacterial Horizontal gene transfer DNA Transposable Elements Metagenome Genome Bacterial |
| Zdroj: | Microbial ecology. 77(2) |
| ISSN: | 1432-184X |
| Popis: | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among bacterial species that resides in complex ecosystems is a natural phenomenon. Indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in healthcare, livestock, and agriculture provides an evolutionary advantage to the resistant variants to dominate the ecosystem. Ascendency of resistant variants threatens the efficacy of most, if not all, of the antimicrobial drugs commonly used to prevent and/or cure microbial infections. Resistant phenotype is very common in enteric bacteria. The most common mechanisms of AMR are enzymatic modifications to the antimicrobials or their target molecules. In enteric bacteria, most of the resistance traits are acquired by horizontal gene transfer from closely or distantly related bacterial population. AMR traits are generally linked with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and could rapidly disseminate to the bacterial species through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from a pool of resistance genes. Although prevalence of AMR genes among pathogenic bacteria is widely studied in the interest of infectious disease management, the resistance profile and the genetic traits that encode resistance to the commensal microbiota residing in the gut of healthy humans are not well-studied. In the present study, we have characterized AMR phenotypes and genotypes of five dominant commensal enteric bacteria isolated from the gut of healthy Indians. Our study revealed that like pathogenic bacteria, enteric commensals are also multidrug-resistant. The genes encoding antibiotic resistance are physically linked with MGEs and could disseminate vertically to the progeny and laterally to the distantly related microbial species. Consequently, the AMR genes present in the chromosome of commensal gut bacteria could be a potential source of resistance functions for other enteric pathogens. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink