Functional conservation of the lipid II biosynthesis pathway in the cell wall-less bacteriaChlamydiaandWolbachia: why is lipid II needed?
| Autor: | Hans-Georg Sahl, Theo-Julian Hoffmann, Andrea Schiefer, Achim Hoerauf, Edith Nzukou, Katja Moelleken, Christina Poellinger, Beate Henrichfreise, Kenneth Pfarr, Imke Wiedemann, Tanja Schneider, Kelly L. Johnston |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Cell division
Cell Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases Models Biological Microbiology chemistry.chemical_compound Bacterial Proteins Fosfomycin Biosynthesis Transferases medicine Chlamydia Enzyme Inhibitors Molecular Biology Gene Alkyl and Aryl Transferases Genes Essential biology Lipid II Cell Membrane Monosaccharides biology.organism_classification Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylmuramic Acid Biosynthetic Pathways medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Biochemistry Genes Bacterial Cytoplasm Wolbachia Oligopeptides Bacteria Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Microbiology. 73:913-923 |
| ISSN: | 1365-2958 0950-382X |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06815.x |
| Popis: | Cell division and cell wall biosynthesis in prokaryotes are driven by partially overlapping multiprotein machineries whose activities are tightly controlled and co-ordinated. So far, a number of protein components have been identified and acknowledged as essential for both fundamental cellular processes. Genes for enzymes of both machineries have been found in the genomes of the cell wall-less genera Chlamydia and Wolbachia, raising questions as to the functionality of the lipid II biosynthesis pathway and reasons for its conservation. We provide evidence on three levels that the lipid II biosynthesis pathway is indeed functional and essential in both genera: (i) fosfomycin, an inhibitor of MurA, catalysing the initial reaction in lipid II biosynthesis, has a detrimental effect on growth of Wolbachia cells; (ii) isolated cytoplasmic membranes from Wolbachia synthesize lipid II ex vivo; and (iii) recombinant MraY and MurG from Chlamydia and Wolbachia exhibit in vitro activity, synthesizing lipid I and lipid II respectively. We discuss the hypothesis that the necessity for maintaining lipid II biosynthesis in cell wall-lacking bacteria reflects an essential role of the precursor in prokaryotic cell division. Our results also indicate that the lipid II pathway may be exploited as an antibacterial target for chlamydial and filarial infections. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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