Closed-Loop Controlled Photopolymerization of Hydrogels
| Autor: | Blake N. Johnson, Junru Zhang, Eric M. Davis, Manjot Singh, Keturah Bethel, Yang Liu, Zhenyu Kong, Haibo Zeng |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Fabrication
Materials science Scanning electron microscope 02 engineering and technology Dynamic mechanical analysis 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences symbols.namesake chemistry.chemical_compound Photopolymer chemistry Chemical engineering Self-healing hydrogels UV curing symbols General Materials Science 0210 nano-technology Raman spectroscopy Ethylene glycol |
| Zdroj: | ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 13:40365-40378 |
| ISSN: | 1944-8252 1944-8244 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acsami.1c11779 |
| Popis: | Here, we present a closed-loop controlled photopolymerization process for fabrication of hydrogels with controlled storage moduli. Hydrogel crosslinking was associated with a significant change in the phase angle of a piezoelectric cantilever sensor and established the timescale of the photopolymerization process. The composition, structure, and mechanical properties of the fabricated hydrogels were characterized using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). We found that the storage moduli of photocured poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) hydrogels could be controlled using bang-bang and fuzzy logic controllers. Bang-bang controlled photopolymerization resulted in constant overshoot of the storage modulus setpoint for PEGDMA hydrogels, which was mitigated by setpoint correction and fuzzy logic control. SEM and DMA studies showed that the network structure and storage modulus of PEGDMA hydrogels were dependent on the cure time and temporal profile of UV exposure during photopolymerization. This work provides an advance in pulsed and continuous photopolymerization processes for hydrogel engineering based on closed-loop control that enables reproducible fabrication of hydrogels with controlled mechanical properties. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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