Current Understanding of the Molecular Actions of Vitamin D
| Autor: | Hector F. DeLuca, Stephen Strugnell, Glenville Jones |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Calcitonin
Vitamin medicine.medical_specialty Receptors Retinoic Acid Physiology medicine.drug_class Molecular Sequence Data Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase Biology Hydroxylation Calcitriol receptor vitamin D deficiency Parathyroid Glands chemistry.chemical_compound Physiology (medical) Internal medicine medicine Vitamin D and neurology Animals Humans Amino Acid Sequence Retinoid Vitamin D Receptor Molecular Biology General Medicine medicine.disease Retinoid X Receptors Endocrinology chemistry Drug Design Receptors Calcitriol Calcium Transcription Factors Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Physiological Reviews. 78:1193-1231 |
| ISSN: | 1522-1210 0031-9333 |
| DOI: | 10.1152/physrev.1998.78.4.1193 |
| Popis: | Jones, Glenville, Stephen A. Strugnell, and Hector F. DeLuca. Current Understanding of the Molecular Actions of Vitamin D. Physiol. Rev. 78: 1193–1231, 1998. — The important reactions that occur to the vitamin D molecule and the important reactions involved in the expression of the final active form of vitamin D are reviewed in a critical manner. After an overview of the metabolism of vitamin D to its active form and to its metabolic degradation products, the molecular understanding of the 1α-hydroxylation reaction and the 24-hydroxylation reaction of the vitamin D hormone is presented. Furthermore, the role of vitamin D in maintenance of serum calcium is reviewed at the physiological level and at the molecular level whenever possible. Of particular importance is the regulation of the parathyroid gland by the vitamin D hormone. A third section describes the known molecular events involved in the action of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3on its target cells. This includes reviewing what is now known concerning the overall mechanism of transcriptional regulation by vitamin D. It describes the vitamin D receptors that have been cloned and identified and describes the coactivators and retinoid X receptors required for the function of vitamin D in its genomic actions. The presence of receptor in previously uncharted target organs of vitamin D action has led to a study of the possible function of vitamin D in these organs. A good example of a new function described for 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3is that found in the parathyroid gland. This is also true for the role of vitamin D hormone in skin, the immune system, a possible role in the pancreas, i.e., in the islet cells, and a possible role in female reproduction. This review also raises the intriguing question of whether vitamin D plays an important role in embryonic development, since vitamin D deficiency does not prohibit development, nor does vitamin D receptor knockout. The final section reviews some interesting analogs of the vitamin D hormone and their possible uses. The review ends with possible ideas with regard to future directions of vitamin D drug design. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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