Influence of Special Education, ADHD, Autism, and Learning Disorders on ImPACT Validity Scores in High School Athletes
| Autor: | Julia E. Maietta, Kimberly A. Barchard, S Ross, T Kinsora, H Kuwabara, Bradley D. Donohue, Daniel N. Allen |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
050103 clinical psychology
medicine.medical_specialty Multivariate statistics Sports medicine Neuropsychological Tests Special education 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Autistic Disorder Cognitive deficit Brain Concussion Schools biology Athletes Learning Disabilities General Neuroscience 05 social sciences 030229 sport sciences Variance (accounting) medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Cognitive test Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Education Special Athletic Injuries Autism Neurology (clinical) medicine.symptom Psychology Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS. 27(5) |
| ISSN: | 1469-7661 1355-6177 |
| Popis: | Objective:The Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) is commonly used to assist with post-concussion return-to-play decisions for athletes. Additional investigation is needed to determine whether embedded indicators used to determine the validity of scores are influenced by the presence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs).Method:This study examined standard and novel ImPACT validity indicators in a large sample of high school athletes (n = 33,772) with or without self-reported ND.Results:Overall, 7.1% of athletes’ baselines were judged invalid based on standard ImPACT validity criteria. When analyzed by group (healthy, ND), there were significantly more invalid ImPACT baselines for athletes with an ND diagnosis or special education history (between 9.7% and 54.3% for standard and novel embedded validity criteria) when compared to athletes without NDs. ND history was a significant predictor of invalid baseline performance above and beyond other demographic characteristics (i.e., age, sex, and sport), although it accounted for only a small percentage of variance. Multivariate base rates are presented stratified for age, sex, and ND.Conclusions:These data provide evidence of higher than normal rates of invalid baselines in athletes who report ND (based on both the standard and novel embedded validity indicators). Although ND accounted for a small percentage of variance in the prediction of invalid performance, negative consequences (e.g., extended time out of sports) of incorrect decision-making should be considered for those with neurodevelopmental conditions. Also, reasons for the overall increase noted here, such as decreased motivation, “sandbagging”, or disability-related cognitive deficit, require additional investigation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|