Occurrence, Diversity and Anti-Fungal Resistance of Fungi in Sand of an Urban Beach in Slovenia-Environmental Monitoring with Possible Health Risk Implications
| Autor: | Monika Novak Babič, Nina Gunde-Cimerman, Martin Breskvar, Sašo Džeroski, João Brandão |
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| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
Agentes Microbianos e Ambiente Leisure Activities Influence of Environmental Factors Health Resistance to Antimycotics Urban Beach Plant Science Beach Sand Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics beach sand fungal diversity health influence of environmental factors leisure activities monitoring of sand resistance to antimycotics urban beach Fungal Diversity Monitoring of Sand |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Fungi; Volume 8; Issue 8; Pages: 860 |
| ISSN: | 2309-608X |
| Popis: | This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Diversity in Europe. Beach safety regulation is based on faecal indicators in water, leaving out sand and fungi, whose presence in both matrices has often been reported. To study the abundance, diversity and possible fluctuations of mycobiota, fungi from sand and seawater were isolated from the Portorož beach (Slovenia) during a 1-year period. Sand analyses yielded 64 species of 43 genera, whereas seawater samples yielded 29 species of 18 genera. Environmental and taxonomical data of fungal communities were analysed using machine learning approaches. Changes in the air and water temperature , sunshine hours, humidity and precipitation, air pressure and wind speed appeared to affect mycobiota. The core genera Aphanoascus, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Bisifusarium, Penicillium, Tala-romyces, and Rhizopus were found to compose a stable community within sand, although their presence and abundance fluctuated along with weather changes. Aspergillus spp. were the most abundant and thus tested against nine antimycotics using Sensititre Yeast One kit. Aspergillus niger and A. welwitschiae isolates were found to be resistant to amphotericin B. Additionally, four possible human pollution indicators were isolated during the bathing season, including Meyerozyma, which can be used in beach microbial regulation. Our findings provide the foundations for additional research on sand and seawater mycobiota and show the potential effect of global warming and extreme weather events on fungi in sand and sea. The work of Monika Novak Babiˇc was supported by Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS) through the postdoctoral research project (grant number Z7-2668) and the research program, grant number P1-0198. The work of Sašo Džeroski was supported by Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS) through the program Knowledge Technologies (grant number P2-0103). The work of João Brandão received financial support from CESAM (UID/AMB/50017-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007638) and CITAB (UID/AGR/04033/2019), via FCT/MCTES, from national funds (PIDDAC), co-founded by FEDER, (PT2020 Partnership Agreement and Compete 2020) info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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