Molecular monitoring of the diversity of human pathogenic malaria species in blood donations on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Autor: Linda Gondwe, Ludmila Acuche, Maximilian Mpina, Claudia Daubenberger, Carl Maas, Jose Raso Bieri, Tobias Schindler, Tamy Robaina, Guillermo A. García, Julian Sax, Carlos Cortes
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Male
Blood transfusion
medicine.medical_treatment
P. ovale
Plasmodium ovale
Blood Donors
Plasmodium malariae
Transfusion-transmitted malaria
Parasitemia
0302 clinical medicine
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Malaria
Falciparum
Asymptomatic Infections
P. malariae
Rapid diagnostic test
biology
Middle Aged
qPCR
Infectious Diseases
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
Epidemiological Monitoring
Equatorial Guinea
Female
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Adolescent
lcsh:RC955-962
030231 tropical medicine
Plasmodium falciparum
P. falciparum
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
parasitic diseases
Humans
lcsh:RC109-216
business.industry
Research
Transfusion Reaction
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Virology
Parasitology
Tropical medicine
business
Malaria
Zdroj: Malaria Journal
Malaria Journal, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2019)
Popis: Background Malaria can be transmitted by blood transfusion from human to human and it is responsible for the majority of transfusion-transmitted infectious diseases worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, it had been estimated that almost a quarter of blood donations contain malaria parasites. Since rapid diagnostic tests and thick blood smear microscopy lack sensitivity for low density parasitaemia, particularly in asymptomatic adults, the most reliable method to assess the problem of transfusion-transmitted malaria are nucleic acid-based molecular approaches such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of sub-microscopic malaria parasite infection among blood donors in Malabo, Equatorial Guinea. Methods Between July and August 2017, a total of 200 individual blood samples from blood donors at the Malabo Blood Bank were collected and screened by rapid diagnostic tests and thick blood smear microscopy. Retrospectively, the same samples were analysed for the presence of undetected, low-density malaria parasites using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results In comparison to 6.5% (13/200) by rapid diagnostic test and 2.0% (4/200) by microscopy, the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum positive blood donations analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction was significantly higher (26%, 52/200). Densities of P. falciparum positive blood donations were ranging from 0.06 to 3707.0 parasites/µL with 79.6% below 100 parasites/µL and therefore not detectable by non-molecular malaria diagnostic tests. qPCR based species identification revealed that P. falciparum was the dominating species responsible for 88.1% (52/59) of positive blood donations, followed by Plasmodium malariae (15.3%, 9/59) and Plasmodium ovale (3.4%, 2/59). Conclusions This study confirms that in malaria endemic settings, sub-patent malaria infections among blood donors are prevalent. In blood collected from healthy donors living in Malabo, P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale parasites were identified. Currently widely used malaria diagnostic tools have missed more than 75% of P. falciparum containing blood donations, demonstrating the value of quantitative polymerase chain reaction to reliably detect low density P. falciparum infections. Since the availability of molecular diagnostic methods in malaria endemic countries is still limited, the blood recipients living in malaria endemic countries should be treated following WHO recommendations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-019-2639-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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