Defined Glycosaminoglycan Motifs Have Opposite Effects on Neuronal Polarity in Vitro
| Autor: | Alain Prochiantz, Maurice Petitou, Frank Lafont, Cécile Valenza, Marc Pascal, Martine Rouget, Annie Rousselet |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Cell Survival
media_common.quotation_subject Molecular Sequence Data Oligosaccharides Receptors Cell Surface Biology Dermatan sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Structure-Activity Relationship chemistry.chemical_compound Cell Adhesion medicine Animals Binding site Axon Internalization Molecular Biology Glycosaminoglycans media_common Cerebral Cortex Motor Neurons Heparin Cell Polarity Dendrites Cell Biology Axons Endocytosis In vitro Extracellular Matrix Rats Cell biology carbohydrates (lipids) medicine.anatomical_structure Carbohydrate Sequence nervous system Biochemistry chemistry embryonic structures Elongation tissues Developmental Biology medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Developmental Biology. 165:453-468 |
| ISSN: | 0012-1606 |
| DOI: | 10.1006/dbio.1994.1267 |
| Popis: | We previously reported that heparan sulfates enhance axonal outgrowth and inhibit dendrite elongation, whereas dermatan sulfates favor the development of both axons and dendrites. The present study focuses on the activity of small synthetic heparan or dermatan sulfate-like compounds. We found three heparan sulfate-like and three dermatan sulfate-like sugars that mimic the morphological effects of the high-molecular-weight natural glycosaminoglycans. Indeed, heparan sulfate-like compounds enhance axonal maturation and inhibit dendrite growth whereas the active sugars from the dermatan sulfate series act primarily on the elongation of cortical dendrites. The effect of dermatan sulfate-like sugars on cortical dendrite growth is only observed on the subpopulation of neurons with an established axon. We also studied the effects of the synthetic sugars on motoneurons. We found that the response of motoneurons to heparan sulfate-like compounds is indistinguishable from that of cortical neurons but that dermatan sulfate-like sugars do not enhance the development of motoneuron dendrites. The distinct effects of the two types of sugars and the fact that their activity only requires a short period of contact with the cells suggest the existence of specific binding sites for dermatan-like and heparan-like compounds. This possibility is reinforced by the fact that the binding and internalization of natural heparin fragments by neurons in culture is competitively inhibited by synthetic heparan sulfate-like derivatives, but not by dermatan sulfate-like derivatives. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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